테오도시우스 칙법전 16권 1장 보편 신앙에 관한 칙법
The Four Constitutions of the Catholic Faith in the Theodosian Code XVI, 1
0
조회
0
다운로드
16
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The Theodosian Code(C.Th.) XVI called often Ecclesiastical Law contains various religious subjects especially between the state and the church. This study is consecrated to the first chapter of eleven subjects of the Book XVI. The first chapter of the Theodosian Code XVI is entitled ‘The Catholic Faith’(De Fide Catholica)’ and consists of the four constitutions legislated from Valentinian I’s reign to Theodosius’ period. I tried to examine each constitution relying on an editorial and historical analysis. First of all, I focused my arguments on the inappropriate position of the C. Th. XVI, 1.1 and 1.4. The C. Th. XVI, 1.1 was enacted on November 17, 365 during the reign of Valentinian I and this code is not concerned with an ideal of the state church. The C. Th. XVI, 1.4 is a pro-Arian constitution legislated in Milan on 386 by Valentinian II. The western emperor Valentinian II gave in this law the Arians the right of cult, but this Arian constitution is out of internal logic of the first chapter that deals with the orthodoxy faith. It is interesting to find the fact that the latter part of the C. Th. XVI, 1.4 was compiled in the code as the C. Th. XVI, 4.1 enacted in Constantinople in the same date. I think the Eastern emperor Theodosius didn’t understand a pro-Arian character of Valentinian’s law because of the mutilation of its former part. In place of the C. Th. XVI, 1.1 and 1.4, two other laws, C. Th. XVI, 5.5 and 5.6 illuminate well an appearance of the state church in Theodosian’s period. Thus I’d like to propose the first chapter of the Book XVI, composed appropriately according to the vision of the church state : C. Th. XVI, 5.5(August 3, 379), 1.2(Febrary 28, 380), 1.3(January 10, 381), 5.6(July 30, 381). The law of the emperor Gratian on August 3, 379 is characterized by a ‘revolutionary’ change. He abandoned by this constitution his neutral religious policy and condemned all of the heresy. I think a Damasus, Roman bishop was behind its enactment. On Febrary 28, 380 Theodosius I proclaimed that all the peoples should practice the Catholic faith. The date is worth to be called a starting point of the state church. It will be possible to suppose Flacilla, Antonius, Ascholius and Damasus as influential persons on the edict of Thessalonica. I think Gregory of Nazianzus have influenced on the C. Th. XVI, 1.3(January 10,381). This constitution is focused on the practice of the edict of Thessalonica(5.5). Finally the C. Th. XVI, 5,6 aims to legitimatize the Ecumenical Council of Constantinople 381. These four constitutions are so useful to understand the appearance of the state church. But it’s not sure how the new relation between the Roman empire and the christian orthodoxy was in debt to Theodosius’ personal religious assurance.
Abstract
The Theodosian Code(C.Th.) XVI called often Ecclesiastical Law contains various religious subjects especially between the state and the church. This study is consecrated to the first chapter of eleven subjects of the Book XVI. The first chapter of the Theodosian Code XVI is entitled ‘The Catholic Faith’(De Fide Catholica)’ and consists of the four constitutions legislated from Valentinian I’s reign to Theodosius’ period. I tried to examine each constitution relying on an editorial and historical analysis. First of all, I focused my arguments on the inappropriate position of the C. Th. XVI, 1.1 and 1.4. The C. Th. XVI, 1.1 was enacted on November 17, 365 during the reign of Valentinian I and this code is not concerned with an ideal of the state church. The C. Th. XVI, 1.4 is a pro-Arian constitution legislated in Milan on 386 by Valentinian II. The western emperor Valentinian II gave in this law the Arians the right of cult, but this Arian constitution is out of internal logic of the first chapter that deals with the orthodoxy faith. It is interesting to find the fact that the latter part of the C. Th. XVI, 1.4 was compiled in the code as the C. Th. XVI, 4.1 enacted in Constantinople in the same date. I think the Eastern emperor Theodosius didn’t understand a pro-Arian character of Valentinian’s law because of the mutilation of its former part. In place of the C. Th. XVI, 1.1 and 1.4, two other laws, C. Th. XVI, 5.5 and 5.6 illuminate well an appearance of the state church in Theodosian’s period. Thus I’d like to propose the first chapter of the Book XVI, composed appropriately according to the vision of the church state : C. Th. XVI, 5.5(August 3, 379), 1.2(Febrary 28, 380), 1.3(January 10, 381), 5.6(July 30, 381). The law of the emperor Gratian on August 3, 379 is characterized by a ‘revolutionary’ change. He abandoned by this constitution his neutral religious policy and condemned all of the heresy. I think a Damasus, Roman bishop was behind its enactment. On Febrary 28, 380 Theodosius I proclaimed that all the peoples should practice the Catholic faith. The date is worth to be called a starting point of the state church. It will be possible to suppose Flacilla, Antonius, Ascholius and Damasus as influential persons on the edict of Thessalonica. I think Gregory of Nazianzus have influenced on the C. Th. XVI, 1.3(January 10,381). This constitution is focused on the practice of the edict of Thessalonica(5.5). Finally the C. Th. XVI, 5,6 aims to legitimatize the Ecumenical Council of Constantinople 381. These four constitutions are so useful to understand the appearance of the state church. But it’s not sure how the new relation between the Roman empire and the christian orthodoxy was in debt to Theodosius’ personal religious assurance.
참고문헌 (34)
- 남성현, "세 칙법(CTh I 1,5－6과 Nov. Th 1)을 통해서 본 테오도시우스 칙법전의 기원에 대한 연구", 서양고대사연구, 21(21), pp.199~241 (2007), 한국서양고대역사문화학회
- "."[URL]
- E. Magnou-Nortier, "Le Code Théodosien, Livre XVI et Sa réception au Moyen Âge" (2002), Paris
- Clyde Pharr, "The Theodosian Code" (2001), New Jersey : The Lawbook Exchange
- 정기문, "디오클레티아누스 황제의 정치 경제 개혁", 로마 제정사 연구, ~156 (2001)
- André Piganiol, "L'Empire Chrétien 325-395", pp.~210 (1972), Paris
- Sozomenus, "The Ecclesiastical History, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers Second Series, vol. II", pp.349~350 (1983)
- Theodoret, "The Ecclesiastical History, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers Second Series, vol. III", pp.~101 (1983), Grand Rapids
- Socrates, "Histoire ecclésiastique", ~
- Pierre Maraval, "Le Christianisme de Constantin à la conquête arabe" (1997), Paris : PUF
- Ramsay MacMullen, "Christianizing The Roman Empire A.D. 100-400", pp.~145 (1984), Yale University Press
- 남성현, "5-7세기의 알렉산드리아(Alexandria)의 감독들과 파코미우스(Pachomius) 코이노니아(Koinonia)", 한국교회사학회지, 19(19), pp.93~120 (2006), 한국교회사학회
- Charles Joseph Hefele, "Histoire des conciles, tome 1", pp.929~955 (1907), Paris : Letauzey et Ané
- A. M. Ritter, "Kirchen-und Theologiegeschichte in Quellen Vol. I:Alte Kirche" (2004), Neukirchener Verlag
- 공성철, "교회와 신학의 역사원전, 고대교회", pp.391~393 (2006), 한국신학연구소
- Augustine, "The city of God" (1980), Penguin Books
- 조호연, "하나님의 도성" (1993), 크리스챤 다이제스트
- R. Malcolm Errington, "Roman Imperial Policy, from Julian to Theodosius", pp.~215 (2006), The University of North Carolina Press
- R. Pouchet, "Basile le Grand et son univers d'amis, d'après sa correspondance : une stratégie de communion", pp.~453 (1991), Lille
- "Dictionnaire encyclopédique du christianisme ancien" (1983)
- C. Morrison, "Le Monde Byzantin I, l'Empire romain d'Orient(330-641)", pp.~52 (2004), Paris
- Ammianus Marcellinus, "The Later Roman Empire, AD 354-378" (1984), London : Penguin Classics
- "Damase et Les Martyrs Romains", pp.11~46 (1986), Commission pontificale d'Archéologie Chrétienne Cité du Vatican
- W. K. Boyd, "The Ecclesiastical Edicts of The Theodosian Code", pp.87~192 (1905), New York
- Jill Harries, "Law & Empire in late Antiquity", pp.191~211 (1999), Cambridge
- Rufinus, "plus verecundus quam reipublicae intererat", Histoire Ecclesiastique, ~
- Pierre Maraval, "Petite Vie de Jérô̂me" (1995), Paris
- 남성현, "제롬의 생애와 편지", pp.32~33 (2006), 엠에드
- 남성현, "콘스탄티누스 찬가(Laus Constantini)에 나타난 에우세비우스(Eusebius)의 정치신학", 교부학회 3차 학술발표회 (2008), 교부학회
- Theodore Mommsen, "Code Théodosien Livre XVI vol. 1", pp.~114 (2005), Paris
- Jean Bernardi, "Saint Grégoire de Nazianze, Le Théologien et son temps", pp.195~196 (1995), Paris
- Y. Courtonne, "Lettres II", pp.~79 (1961), Paris
- Maraval, "Les Conciles oecuméniaues, les décrets, tome II-1, Nicée I à Latran V", pp.21~23 (1994), Paris
- Maraval, "Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils", pp.21~23 (1990), Georgetown University Press