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직무환경의 호의성이 정서적 몰입에 미치는 영향-종업원-조직 간 사회적 교환관계의 매개효과를 중심으로-

The Effects of Favorable Job Conditions on Affective Commitment: Focusing on the Mediating Effects of Social Exchange Relationship

설현도|박노윤
한국기업경영학회 (Korean Corporation Management Association)|2011.06|기업경영연구 (Korean Corporation Management Review)|제18권 제2호|pp. 161-185

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참고문헌

키워드

정서적 몰입Affective CommitmentSocial Exchange직무환경의 호의성내재적 직무환경외재적 직무환경종업원-조직 간 관계사회적교환Favorableness of Job ConditionIntrinsic Job ConditionExtrinsic Job ConditionEmployee-Organization Relationship
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 직무환경의 호의성이 정서적 몰입에 영향을 미치는 메커니즘에 대해 조사하는것이다. 454명의 종업원을 대상으로 실증분석 결과 다음과 같은 결과가 나타났다. 첫째, 직무환경의 호의성은 사회적 교환관계와 정서적 몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 사회적 교환관계도 정서적 몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 사회적 교환관계는 직무환경의 호의성과 정서적 몰입의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 교환관계는 내재적 직무환경과 사회적 직무환경의 호의성이 정서적 몰입에 미치는 영향을부분 매개하고, 외재적 직무환경의 호의성이 정서적 몰입에 미치는 영향을 완전 매개하였다. 셋째, 세 가지직무환경의 호의성 모두가 정서적 몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 내재적 직무환경의 호의성이 정서적 몰입에 상대적으로 더 높은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 교환관계에 대해서도 세가지 직무환경의 호의성은 유의한 영향을 미치며, 사회적 직무환경의 호의성이 상대적으로 더 낮은 영향력을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 직무환경의 호의성이 종업원의 정서적 몰입에 미치는과정에서 사회적 교환관계가 중요한 역할을 하며, 직무환경의 호의성이 종업원-조직 간 사회적 교환관계형성에 중요한 선행요인이 될 수 있음을 보여준다. 본 연구가 이론과 실무적인 측면에서 제공하는 함의를 논의한다.

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to examine the mechanisms through which employee perceptions of favorable job conditions affect affective commitment. The survey data are collected from 454employees in twelve organization, representing bank, distribution, game, and manufacturing industries. Results of analyses are as follows. First, the favorableness of job conditions was positively associated with affective commitment. And intrinsic job condition exerted a significantly stronger influence on affective commitment than the other job conditions. Second, intrinsic, extrinsic and social job conditions were related to social exchange relationship. And social job conditions had a weaker influence on social exchange relationship than the other job conditions. Third, social exchange relationship was found to influence affective commitment. Forth, social exchange relationship mediates the association between favorable job conditions and affective commitment. The effects of both intrinsic and social job conditions on affective commitment were partially mediated, and the effect of social job condition on affective commitment was fully mediated by social exchange relationship. The results suggest that favorable job conditions can improve organizational commitment by strengthening the social exchange relationship between employee and organization, and be important antecedents of social exchange relationship. This study makes two important contributions. First, the results of the study contribute to explain theoretically and empirically the mechanisms through that the favorableness of job conditions influences affective commitment. Second, this study helps managers to understand the role of social exchange relationship, and formulate the development strategy of affective commitment. Managers should foster favorable job conditions in terms of social exchange relationship to develop affective organizational commitment, because the quality of employee-organization relationship determines the attitudes and behaviors of employees.

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