카리브 흑인들의 대서사시 『샹고, 위대한 난봉꾼』

Abstract

We examine the Caribbean blacks's history and culture in this article by analyzing Manuel Zapata Oliveira's novel Chango, el gran putas(1983). We investigate the mythical, historical, literary, and cultural character of the work in six sections. We describe the mythical reflection of the origin of the Black Diaspora in Section II and the historical investigation of the struggles of blacks in the Caribbean region in Section III. We describe the literary nature of work in Section IV, and finally, in Section V, we explore the hybrid nature of Caribbean culture. Elucidating in more detail, we explain the mythologically beginning of the Black Diaspora in Section II, describing the African mythology and the black revolt on the slave ship. According to the mythology, blacks have to depart from Africa due to Shango's fury. We analyze historically the whole process of the Caribbean black resistance in Section III, from Benkos Biojo, who formed the first Palenque in America, to the Mexican Independence Movement. We also analyze the Haitian Revolution in this section. We try to do a literary analysis in Section IV, proposing the exchange of Agne Brown, a fictitious character who is a young black American warrior in the 1960s, with historical figures in the likes of Harriet Tubman, Nat Turner, Booker T. Washington, Marcus Garvey, Malcom X, etc. The diversity of black history during the last 500 years is actually one that is the struggle for the liberty. We explain the hybrid character of Caribbean culture in the final section through the analysis of cultural code such as language, concept of time and space, religion, music, etc.