Politeness의 多樣한 再檢討
The Multidimensional Reappraisal of the Notion of Politeness
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지금까지 연구되어온 다양한 politeness대한 개념을 재 고찰하고, 그 문제점을 명확히 제시한다. 먼저 Brown and Levinson(1987)의 politeness이론에 대해 소개하고, 그 개념과 politeness에 대한 이분법이 실제 담화에 적용할 때 일어날 수 있는 이론적인 애매함과 문제점을 지적한다. 그리고 사회적 규범으로서의 관점에서 politeness현상을 파악하여보면 특정종류의 발화행위에 의존해 버려 언어중심주의에 빠져버릴 위험성이 있음을 지적한다. 또 politeness현상에 대한 회화의 원칙으로서의 관점은 효과적으로 담화를 성립하는 것에는 도움이 되나 담화에 있어서 회화참가자간의 face의 주고받음이 결여되어 있음으로 담화의 목표와 메시지의 전달과 같은 담화의 모습을 명확히 파악하는데 문제점이 있음을 지적한다.
Abstract
This research reappraises the hitherto examined diverse notions of politeness, and then suggests the problems embedded in them. First of all, it introduces the theory of politeness developed by Brown and Levinson (1987), and criticizes the theoretical ambiguity of, and ensuing problem with, the way in which their notion of politeness and its innate dichotomy are applicable to our actual (everyday) conversations. And this research also points out that the analysis of the phenomenon of politeness from the perspective of social norm might be able to fall into linguistic centrism by relying much on certain types of verbal performance. Furthermore, while the phenomenon of politeness seen from the perspective of conversational rules might be helpful in enabling our (daily) conversations more effectively, it lacks reciprocal face-to-face interactions between or among those who participate in those conversations; this perspective of seeing the phenomenon of politeness seems problematic in terms of fathoming the overall shape/appearance of a conversation, such as its main purpose and its delivery of message.
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