조선조에서 孝思想과 가정문화의 定礎

Abstract

Gueon Geun published the Book of Filial Piety in 1405 of the early Joseon dynasty that had been competed by Gueon Bu during the later part of Goryeo dynasty. Although Sejong the Great recommended this book to his subjects to read, he published and circulated the Conduct of the Three Bonds with Pictures in the thirteenth year of his reign with the recommendation of Seol Sun. This book had been modified and revised before the circulation during the reign of Seongjong. During the reign of Jungjong, the government published the Supplement to the Conduct of Three Bonds with Pictures and modified to the Conduct of the Two Confucian Virtues with Pictures by adding Confucian virtues of young and elder and among friends. Together the Conduct of Five Confucian Virtues with Pictures was revised and published as a result in the twenty‐first year of the reign of Jeongjo. In the sixth year of the reign of Gwanghaegun(1614), the Conduct of the Three Bonds of East with Pictures was published and circulated to inspire people to reunited after the two major invasions by Japanese and Jurchens. Still, it faced the limitation to raise up the solidarity among people only with the stories concentrate on the behaviors and achievements of individuals. In the middle of Joseon dynasty, Yulgok(1536‐1584) believed that the perfection of filial piety is a patriotism. As a method to the loyalty to king as a form of patriotism, Yulgok published the Essentials of the Studies of the Sages to lead the king as a philosophical leader and presented to Seonjo. In his book, Jeonggajang’s respect for filial piety is the essence to the politics and education for all ages. Here, Confucius’ thought of filial piety through the studies of sages is the main frame and the opinions of Mencius, Cheng Yi and Chu Hsi helped to understand well. In addition, Yulgok explains the thought of the culture of filial piety with his value system. The author suggests without hesitation that Yulgok provided the desirable and timeless direction for the life by setting up the standard of the thought of filial piety of the king in an ideal Korean thought of filial piety and family culture by emphasizing Confucius thought as a main frame with his philosophical system of filial piety. It is not only the thought of filial piety of king, but also the ideal value system and correct direction of life for all Korean. It would be a much better ideal standard by reassessment of this value in contemporary sense. Yulgok’s achievement becomes a philosophy and thought of the time when the establishment of a new sense of value needs.