朝鮮前期 倫理書 보급의 변화

Abstract

There is considerable preceding research on the subject of Books on ethics(倫理書) in the early Joseon Dynasty. A variety of studies have been reviewed in various fields of studies. However, it is difficult to find a change in the Confucian ethics movement through the dissemination of Books on ethics. This is because it is not easy to read the historical changes due to the universal nature of Confucian ethics. This article tried to observe the change in Confucian ethics through the compilation and the publication of Books on ethics in the early Joseon Dynasty, In particular, how the contents of Confucian ethics and the dissemination targets were changed. The first Book on ethics published in Korea, Hyohaengrok(『孝行錄』), was compiled in the late Goryeo Dynasty and distributed to the early Joseon Dynasty. The book “Samganghaengsildo(『三綱行實圖』)” was published on 1434, and this book had become a representative book of the Joseon Dynasty. The compilation of Samganghaengsildo was meant to embody the value of the ‘Fidelity’. The Confucian ethics of Hyohaengrok were family ethics, which were mainly based on Theory of Oveidence(敬順論). The loyalty to the monarch was also described as Theory of Oveidence. The political changes from the late Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty, especially the change in the relationship between the soverign and the subject, demanded the establishment of a new principle of ethics. A Book on ethics compiled by this necessity was Samganghaengsildo which included Theory of Fidelity(節義論) in addition to Theory of Oveidence. Iryunhaengsildo(『二倫行實圖』) was published in 1517, Iryunhaengsildo was differentiated from the Samganghaengsildo that it contains the concept of Order between seniors and juniors(長幼有序) and Trust between friends(朋友有信). In the Confucian society, the virtues of Iryun(二倫) had always been emphasized. However, during King Joongjong’s reign, it had a social and ideological meaning that was different from before. By the late 15th century, the influence of the Local scholar and literatus(在地士族) was gradually increasing in the local society. Accordingly, interest in ethical norms related to the relationship between Local scholar and literatus had been grown. As a result, Iryun began receiving special attention due to it’s character as Ethics of village community(鄕黨倫理), which emphasized a new ethic called Theory of harmony and friendship in addition to Theory of Oveidence and Theory of Fidelity, and began to be spread out.