한국어 ‘안’과 ‘속’, 중국어 ‘里’와 ‘中’의 대조연구

Abstract

While learning a foreign language, most learners go through the process comparing their mother tongue rules and the learning foreign langue’s rules. Korean nouns of ‘안’, ‘속’ and Chinese localizer ‘里’ and ‘中’ are words where the container schema operates in the same way. To find out what rules these words in the both languages use may be a work practically to contribute for Korean learners who make frequently errors in separately using Chinese localizer. A container is a vessel containing a thing or an action in its unique inner space. The inner space is the place being separated from the outer area by a boundary line. The words having such a feature is expanded into the category to be conceived as the ‘container’, by the analogy as well as a practical vessel, that is into an abstractive area. The Korean noun ‘안’ charges the function directing the inside area of boundary line by integrating various containers. And among the four localizers, this word can be only used even in the category of ‘domain’ which is separated into the both areas by a boundary line. If there may be an area being separated into the both sub-areas by a boundary line, the one sub-area can be marked as the word of ‘안’. In spite of integrating with various containers (vessels), the Korean noun ‘속’ is a localizer indicating a material composing its inside and the environment, rather than the space of container, itself. So, the noun of ‘속’ is well integrated with the abstractive container, that is, the vessel containing a story as well as a practical vessel. Because of its meaning feature which concentrates on the surrounded condition, that is the center, the word of ‘속’ is also harmonized with the words meaning a group of things or a state, not a container. A Chinese localizer ‘里’ forming a strong correspondence relation with a practical vessel shows very similar feature with the Korean word ‘안’, but it showed the decisive difference from the latter words in that the Chinese word is not used in the area of ‘domain’. Although it is a component being classified as a container-directional noun, the Chinese word of ‘中’ is identified as that it is rarely used in a sentence showing strong spatiality in real language data. But for the fact, the Chinese word of ‘中’ shows very similar pattern with the Korean word of ‘속’ in that the Chinese word can be integrated with an analogic container and nouns meaning non-container.