汉语和韩国语容器标记的强制性对比
The Comparison of Container Markers's Appearance-Disappearance from Chinese and Korean
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초록
对里外关系的认识是人类对空间的最基本的认知能力。不管是里外关系明确的实体还是无界的抽象概念，我们都会赋予边界，有内有外来认知。里外关系的反复再现和运用会形成容器图式。汉语和韩国语表达里外关系的方位词有“里、内、中”和“안,속”等。本文将这些方位词统称为“容器标记”。容器标记作为凸显实体“容器性”的显性手段，它的隐现会不同程度地影响实体的“容器性”。容器标记的隐现不仅跟参照实体的典型性、由它构成的方位短语的句法位置有关，还跟汉语和韩国语方位词的语法地位有关。本文从以上三个方面考察汉语和韩国语容器标记的隐现情况，并对比分析导致异同的原因。
Abstract
Cognition of the locational relationship between inside and outside is one of human’s most basic cognitive competences. Whether entities with a clear relationship between inside and outside or abstract concepts which are unbounded, we will identify them with boundary. The application and reappearance of the relationship between inside and outside will become container image schema. Localizers that express the relationship between inside and outside are such as li, zhong, nei in Chinese and an and sok in Korean. They are termed as container markers in this paper. Container markers are explicit means to highlight the “containerness” of entities, so their appearance-disappearance will more or less influence the “containerness” of entities. In addition, their appearance-disappearance are related to the typicality of reference entities, the syntactic positions of locative phrases they compose of, and the grammatical status of localizers. This paper studies the container markers’ appearance-disappearance from the above three aspects. Furthermore, it compares and analyzes the reasons of similarities and differences.
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