현대 중국어 일상대화에서 출현하는 ‘好像’과 ‘像’의 담화－화용적 기능
A Study on the Discourse-Pragmatic Function of xiang and haoxing in Naturally Occurring Mandarin Chinese Conversation
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 정량적-정성적 연구 방식을 도입하여 일상대화에서 나타나는 ‘像’과 ‘好像’의 빈도, 분포, 기능 등 다양한 측면을 분석한다. 분석 결과 ‘像’과 ‘好像’은 일상대화에서 전체적으로 서로 다른 분포 양상을 보이며 기능면에 있어서는 근소하게 중복되는 양상을 보여 준다. 특히 담화표지로서 ‘像’과 ‘好像’은 뚜렷하게 대조적인 기능을 보여 ‘像’은 의미 확장 과정을 통하여 후행 발화를 구체화하는 데 사용되는 반면 ‘好像’은 화자의 불확실한 태도를 표현하기 위하여 사용된다. 담화-화용적인 기능을 보이는 ‘像’과 ‘好像’은 모두 대화참여자들의 이해, 협력, 선호 반응을 이끌어 내는 상호작용적인 기능을 수행하며 대화참여자들이 원만하고 효과적으로 대화를 할 수 있도록 이끈다. 본 연구는 ‘像’과 ‘好像’에서 나타나는 담화 기능과 상호작용 간에 긴밀한 관련이 입증하며 어법화는 일상적인 언어 사용의 결과 이루어진다는 것을 보여 준다.
Abstract
This study investigates several aspects of the Chinese words xiang and haoxiang. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, it will explore their frequencies, distributional properties and functions in conversational contexts. An analysis of syntactic and discourse phenomena show that xiang, haoxiang and their co-occurrences have almost complementary distributions and only partially overlapping functional profiles in naturally occurring conversation. As discourse markers, xiang and haoxiang have two distinct and contrasting functions. Xiang is mainly used to concretize the upcoming proposition through the process of semantic extensions, while haoxiang is primarily used to express the speaker's uncertain stance. Both xiang and haoxiang perform the social and interactional functions of inducing the interlocutor's understanding, collaboration, and preferred response. Recognizing the discourse-pragmatic functions of xiang and haoxiang and using them properly help Chinese speakers to communicate more effectively. This study suggests linkages between the interaction and discourse functions for xiang and haoxiang, and it may also offer support from Chinese for the hypothesis that grammaticalization is a result of the daily routinized use of language.
참고문헌 (25)
- 김해연, "담화분석" (2016), 종합출판 EnG
- 邱崇, "像義動詞到測度類語氣副詞的語法化", 碩士, pp.2009
- 李秉震, "“像”的語法化和主觀化", 渤海大學學報(哲學社會科學版), (4) (2010)
- 方梅, "自然口語中弱化連詞的話語標記功能", 中國語文, (5) (2000)
- 史金生, "語氣副詞的範圍、類別和共現順序", 中國語文, (1) (2003)
- 樂耀, "北京話中“你像”的話語功能及相關問題探析", 中國語文, (2) (2010)
- 葉瓊, "“好象”的不確定判斷義解讀", 漢語學習, (3) (2016)
- 張芮, "“好像”類副詞研究", 碩士, pp.2016
- 張誼生, "現代漢語副詞性質、範圍與分類", 語言研究, (2) (2000)
- 中國社會科學院語言研究所詞典編輯室, "現代漢語詞典" (2007), 商務印書館
- Biq, Yung-O, "The multiple uses of the second person singular pronoun ni in conversational Mandarin", Journal of Pragmatics, 16 (1991)
- Brown, Penelope, "Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage" (1987), Cambridge University Press
- Bybee, J., "The Evolution of Language out of Pre-language" (2002), Benjamins
- Bybee, J., "The Evolution of Grammar:Tense, Aspect, and Modality in the Languages of the World" (1994), University of Chicago Press
- Chafe, Wallace, "Discourse, Consciousness, and Time: The Flow and Displacement of Conscious Experience in Speaking and Writing" (1994), University of Chicago Press
- Croft, William, "Intonation units and grammatical structure", Linguistics, 33 (1995)
- Fraser, Bruce, "What are discourse markers", Journal of Pragmatics, 31 (1999)
- Goffman, E., "Interaction Ritual" (1967), Doubleday Anchor
- Hopper, P., "Linguistics in Context: Connecting Observation and Understanding Volume XXIX" (1988), Ablex
- Hopper, P., "Approaches to Grammaticalization 2 vol" (1991), John Benjamins Publishing Company
- Huang, Shuanfan, "The emergence of a grammatical category definite article in spoken Chinese", Journal of Pragmatics, 31 (1999)
- Sacks, Harvey, "A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation", Language, 50 (1974)
- Schegloff, E., "The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation", Language, 53 (1977)
- Schegloff, E., "Practices and actions: Boundary cases of other-initiated repair", Discourse Processes, 23 (1997)
- Schiffrin, D., "Discourse Markers" (1987), Cambridge University Press