대화에서 격률과 함축, 그리고 그 교육적 의미

Abstract

The aim of this study is to explain implication occurring in conversation and to suggest the orientation of its teaching. Today, specially learning of speaking-listening in Korean language education follows Grice’s 4 maxims as important rules. Grice described these expectations in terms of a Co-operative Principle and maxims of Quality (truthfulness), Quantity (informativeness),Relation (relevance) and Manner (clarity) which speakers are expected to observe(Grice 1961). But Grice’s theories have the meaning to explain the implications when they very often occur in everyday-conversation. The interpretation a rational hearer should choose is the one that best satisfies those expectations. The goal of inferential pragmatics is to explain how the hearer infers the speaker’s meaning on the basis of the evidence provided. And implication theory is connected with Sperber & Wilson’s the relevance theories. They share Grice’s intuition that utterances raise expectations of relevance, including the need for a Co-operative Principle and maxims, the focus on pragmatic processes which contribute to implicatures rather than to explicit, truth-conditional content, and the treatment of figurative utterances as deviations from a maxim or convention of truthfulness. In the education of conversation, it is important that students know maxims as the mechanism of implication but in itself.