일광요법을 적용한 산림치유프로그램이 고령자의 우울과 수면, 삶의 질에 미치는 영향
Effects of a Forest Therapy Program Using Sunlight Therapy on Depression, Sleep, and Quality of Life in the Elderly
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초록
본 연구는 일광요법을 적용한 산림치유프로그램이 고령자의 우울과 수면, 삶의 질에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 대상자는 만 55세 이상의 고령자 일반인으로 일광요법산림치유집단(일광요법 적용)·산림치유집단(일광요법 미적용)·대조집단(무처치)으로 각 14명씩 총 42명이다. 2023년 9월 4일부터 10월 29일까지 8주 동안 일광요법산림치유집단·산림치유집단은 매주 1회씩 총 8회, 2시간 프로그램 활동을 진행하였고, 일광요법산림치유집단만 일상에서 매주 2일 이상, 8주동안, 30분씩 일광요법을 추가하였다. 연구를 위해 BDI, PSQI-K, WHOQOL-BREF를 이용하여 실험 사전평가, 중간평가(4주 후), 사후평가(8주 후) 총 3회에 걸쳐 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 25.0 프로그램으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 우울은 일광요법산림치유집단·산림치유집단이 모두 통계적으로 유의미하게 감소되었으며, 특히, 일광요법산림치유집단은 사후분석결과, 실험 사전에서 중간(1), 중간에서 사후(2), 사전에서 사후(3) 측정시 모두 감소하는 효과를 보였다. 둘째, 수면의 질은 일광요법산림치유집단·산림치유집단이 모두 통계적으로 유의미하게 개선되었다. 그리고 일광요법산림치유집단이 산림치유집단보다 긍정적 효과의 변화폭이 컸다. 셋째, 삶의 질에서도 일광요법산림치유집단·산림치유집단이 모두 통계적으로 향상된 결과가 나타났다. 그리고 일광요법산림치유집단이 산림치유집단보다 긍정적 효과의 변화폭이 컸다. 넷째, 대조집단(무처치)은 통계적으로 유의미한 결과가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 일광요법을 적용한 산림치유프로그램이 고령자의 우울과 수면을 개선하고, 삶의 질 향상에도 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a forest therapy program with sunlight therapy on depression, sleep, and quality of life in the elderly. The subjects were general elderly people aged 55 years or older, with 14 subjects in each of the following Sunlight Forest Therapy Groups(with sunlight therapy)·Forest Therapy Groups(without sunlight therapy)·Control Groups(no treatment), for a total of 42 subjects. For the study, BDI, PSQI-K, and WHOQOL-BREF were used to measure three times in total: pre-assessment of the experiment, interim assessment (after 4 weeks), and post-assessment (after 8 weeks). The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. The results showed that, first; depression was statistically significantly reduced in both the sunlight therapy forest therapy group and the forest therapy group, and in particular, the sunlight therapy forest therapy group showed a decrease in all of the post-analysis results when measuring Pre-evaluation to interim evaluation(1), Interim evaluation to post evaluation(2), and From pre-evaluation to post-evaluation(3) before the experiment. Second; the sleep quality index was statistically significantly improved in experimental Sunlight Forest Therapy Groups and Forest Therapy Groups. In addition, the Sunlight therapy forest therapy group had a greater change in positive effects than the forest therapy group. Third; the quality of life also improved statistically significantly in Sunlight Forest Therapy Groups and Forest Therapy Groups. In addition, the Sunlight therapy forest therapy group had a greater change in positive effects than the forest therapy group. Fourth; the control group(no treatment) did not show statistically significant results. Therefore, it can be seen that the forest therapy program with sunlight therapy has a positive effect on improving depression, sleep and quality of life in the elderly.
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