日帝強占期韓日文学におけるモダニズムの 比較分析―谷崎潤一郎と金文輯を中心に─
A Comparative Analysis of Modernism in Japanese and Korean Literature during the Japanese Colonial Period —Focusing on Jun’ ichirō Tanizaki and Kim Mun-jip—
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本稿では、谷崎潤一郎と金文輯を中心に、日帝強占期の韓日文学におけるモダニズムを比較分析してみた。日本の近代化の過程の中で谷崎は西洋の要素を浮彫にして、大衆文化の中でモダニズムな「西洋」を如実に表している作品「痴人の愛」を発表する。谷崎は「痴人の愛」でナオミという名、西洋人のような日本人を使って、再建築した「西洋」の魅力を描写している。また、谷崎は西洋趣味の譲治と西洋的な「白」のナオミとの関係によるモダニズムの美学を通じたエロティシズムの世界を描いているが、完全には昇華することができず、昭和期には日本美への回帰を求める。 その一方で、谷崎とオスカーワイルドからの影響を受けた金文輯は、近代化し、モダニズムが盛んである時期に日本で留学したため、日本の社会に浸透しているモダン的な文化を「ありらん峠」に反映して毛髪のエロティシズム美学を描く。ところが、日帝強占期という朝鮮の歴史的状況下で、金文輯の「ありらん峠」の美意識は昇華できず、日帝強占期を歩み続けていく朝鮮の知識人の葛藤、苦悩を見せている。
Abstract
This study conducts a comparative analysis of modernism in Japanese and Korean literature during the Japanese colonial period, focusing on Jun’ichirō Tanizaki and Kim Mun-jip. Tanizaki brought the Western elements of Japan’s modernization process into sharp relief and, through his novel Naomi, vividly embodied a modernist vision of the “West” within popular culture. Tanizaki used the character Naomi—a Japanese woman with both a Western name and appearance—to depict the allure of a reconstructed “West.” Moreover, through the relationship between Jōji, a man with a taste for Western culture, and the Westernized, “white” Naomi, Tanizaki portrayed a world of eroticism shaped by the aesthetics of modernism. However, he was ultimately unable to fully sublimate this vision and, in the Shōwa period, sought a return to Japanese beauty. Kim Mun-jip, influenced by both Tanizaki and Oscar Wilde, studied in Japan during a period of modernization and the flourishing of modernism. Immersed in modern Japanese culture, Kim reflected on these influences in Arirang Hill, depicting an erotic aesthetic centered on hair. However, due to Japanese colonial rule, the aesthetic sensibility of Arirang Hill could not be fully realized; instead, the work revealed the conflicts and anguish of Korean intellectuals living during the Japanese colonial era.