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高度経済成長期の団地における主婦の連帯と主体化 ―メディア資料からみる生活とコミュニティの形成―

Empowerment of Housewives in Postwar Japanese Danchi during the High Economic Growth Era: Formation of Daily Life and Community through Media Analysis

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키워드

주제분류일본어와문학

초록

本稿は、高度経済成長期の日本における「団地」という新たな生活空間に着目し、とりわけそのなかで形成された「団地主婦」という主婦像の社会的役割と意味を明らかにすることを目的とする。1950年代から1970年代にかけて、団地は単なる住宅供給の枠を超えて、計画的な生活空間として整備され、「あこがれの住居」として中流階級の象徴となった。本稿では、1950年以降の全国三大紙の報道分析を中心に、主婦たちが団地内でいかに生活を築き、連帯を育んでいったのかを「メディアのまなざし」から考察する。これにより、団地主婦たちの実践が従来のジェンダー規範を相対化し、団地という空間を文化的・公共的な生活の場として再構築していった過程を明らかにする。

Abstract

This study examines danchi (large-scale public housing complexes) as a new form of residential space in postwar Japan, with particular attention to a period of rapid economic growth. It focuses on the emergence and social significance of the figure of the danchi housewife. From the 1950s through the 1970s, these danchi were developed not just as a response to housing shortages, but also as carefully planned environments that came to symbolize middle-class aspirations. Drawing on media analysis of Japan’s three major national newspapers since the 1950s, this paper explores how housewives organized their daily lives and fostered solidarity within these communities. Through the lens of media representation, this study reveals how the everyday practices of the danchi housewives challenged prevailing gender norms and redefined danchi as culturally and socially significant spaces—sites of community building, cooperation, and shared public life.

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