유럽연합의 영역적 협력과 통합을 위한 지역정책의 발달과정과 전략
Development Processes and Strategies of The Regional Policy for Territorial Cooperation and Integration in European Union
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본 연구의 목적은 유럽연합의 영역적 협력과 통합을 위해 펼쳐온 지역정책의 발달과정과 그 전략을 고찰하는 것이다. 특히 초광역적, 초국가적 지역개발계획이라고 볼 수 있는 INTERREG 프로그램의 특징과 접경지역 협력사업의 대표적인 성공 사례라 볼 수 있는 의료부문 협력에 대해 살펴보았다. 유럽연합의 단일시장화가 이루어지면서 유럽연합은 경제·사회적 결속을 통한 조화로운 발전을 추구하였다. 이를 위해 1990년 이후 구조기금을 통해 상대적으로 낙후된 접경지역을 지원하는 강력한 지역정책을 시행하여 지역간 격차를 해소하고자 노력하고 있다. 이러한 지역정책 가운데 INTERREG 프로그램은 접경지역의 협력을 도모하고 더 나아가 유럽연합의 단일시장화에 매우 중요한 역할을 수행하였다고 볼 수 있다. 특히 접경지역간 아이디어의 교환과 협력을 통해 혁신을 창출하고 지속가능한 성장을 하는데 역점을 두고 있는 유럽영역협력(ETC) 프로그램은 2007~2013년 동안 새로운 결속정책의 목표를 달성하는데 중심적 위치를 차지하고 있다. 접경지역간 의료협력 사업을 문헌을 통해 고찰한 결과 접경지역간 의료협력 사업들은 상향식 개발방식으로 이루어져 매우 다양하며 표준화 수준이 낮지만 지역 주민의 수요를 잘 반영한 협약이 이루어지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 접경지역간 의료협력의 긍정적 평가와 상호 이점으로 인해 점점 더 의료협력 활동은 확대되고 있으며, 의료부문 관련 모든 섹터들이 참여하고 있다. 이러한 초광역적 지역개발 사업 모델은 향후 우리나라의 초광역권 개발사업을 수행하는데 유용한 모델을 제시해준다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to review the development process and strategies of the regional policy for territorial cooperation and integration in European Union. It includes the characteristics of INTERREG programs as well as case studies of corss-border cooperation of health care activities. Since the foundation of the Single European Market, European Union has tried to achieve its harmonious development through the strengthening of economic and social cohesion. EU has adopted the strong regional policy to alleviate regional disparities, supporting backward regions in the cross-border and trans-frontier territory with the structural funds since the early 1990s. INTERREG programs have been very important role in forstering cross-border and transnational cooperation and achieving a properly functioning internal market in EU territory. Also, the ETC (European Territorial Cooperation) program has moved central stage in the new cohesion policy for the period of 2007-13. ETC programs bring regions and people together and thus facilitate the exchange of goods ideas and best practice in inducing innovation and thus to achieve sustainable growth. Based on the review of various literature related to the cross-border cooperation for health care provision, cooperation has been a bottom-up process and is better response to population needs, less likely to be achieved by overly standardized projects. As a result of the positive evaluation and mutual benefits, cross-border cooperation of health care activities has been further expanded and now involves all health sectors such as hospitals, health insurance funds, patient organizations, doctors, public health services, health policy-makers and administrations. The cross-border and trans-national cooperation programs in EU provide a useful model for implementing cross-border or super-regional development in Korea.
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