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전략적 제휴를 통한 지식의 이전 : 하이테크 산업에서의 아시아기업의 전략적 제휴에 관한 연구

Knowledge Transfer and Acquisition Through Strategic Alliances: A Study of Asian Firms’ Strategic Alliances in the High-tech Sector

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 전략적 제휴에서 학습 대상 기업과 학습 기업 간 지식 이전에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는, 기업의 기술적 역량의 측면과 전략적 제휴의 경험을 통해 축적된 제휴특유 역량 (alliance-specific capability)의 측면을 중심으로 가설을 설정하였다. 가설의 검증을 위해서는 하이테크 산업에서의 전략적 제휴에서 아시아 기업을 학습 기업으로 놓고 미국과 유럽의 기업을 학습 대상 기업으로 설정하여 제휴 당사자 간의 지식 이전을 실증 분석 하였다. 미국 특허 데이터 베이스를 이용하여 음이항 회귀 분석 (negative binomial regression)을 통해 분석한 결과, 학습 대상 기업과 학습 기업 간 지식 이전은 학습 기업의 기술 역량이 강할수록, 학습 대상 기업과 학습 기업간 기술 격차가 클수록, 학습 기업의 전반적인 전략적 제휴 경험이 많을수록, 특정 기업과의 전략적 제휴의 경험이 많을수록 잘 이루어지는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

Focusing on international strategic alliances in high-tech sectors, we investigate factors that influence the extent to which a firm sources knowledge from the alliance partner in high-tech sectors. We focus on both technological capabilities of firms and alliance-specific capabilities that were accumulated through prior alliance experiences. In the empirical analysis, we examined knowledge transfer from western alliance partners as teachers to Asian partners as learners in the high-tech sector. Statistical findings from negative binomial regressions using our proprietary U.S. patent data base generally support our arguments. We found that knowledge transfer between alliance partners is more likely to occur (1) when the learning firm has strong technological capabilities, (2) gaps in technological levels are higher, (3) the learning firm has more prior alliance experiences, and (4) the learning firm has more partner-specific alliance experiences.

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