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사회자본과 국내 자동차 부품업체의 기술증대에 관한 연구: 부품설계 및 생산기술을 중심으로

A Study of Social Cost and Knowledge Performance in Buyer-Seller Relationships

이응석
한국전략경영학회 (Korean Strategic Management Society)|2008.06|전략경영연구 (Journal of Strategic Management)|제11권 제2호|pp. 1-19|DOI 10.17786/jsm.2008.11.2.001

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참고문헌

키워드

social capital생산기술사회자본이론부품업체-완성차업체 관계부품설계supplier-key customer relationshipdesign skillproduction skill
주제분류경영학

초록

부품업체의 기술역량강화가 완성차업체의 경쟁력강화에 차지하는 중요성에 따라, 국내외 많은 완성차업체들은 부품업체와 기술협력을 실시해오고 있다. 그러나 이와 같은 기술협력의 필요성에도 불구하고 기술협력이 순조롭게 이루어지고 있지는 못하고 있다. 즉 부품업체에게 이전될 기술이 완성차업체의 경쟁기업에게 노출될 가능성, 부품업체의 무임승차가능성, 이전되는 기술의 암묵성 등이 완성차업체와 부품업체간 기술협력을 가로막고 있는 중요요인으로 제시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 완성차업체와 부품업체간 기술협력과정에서 발생되는 어려움을 극복하는 방안으로 완성차업체와 부품업체간 관계에 배태된 사회자본에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 국내 자동차부품기업이 새로운 지식을 획득하고 활용하는 주된 경로가 완성차기업과의 사회과정을 통해서 이루어지고 있다는 점에서 완성차업체와 부품업체간의 관계에 배태된 사회자본의 크기는 완성차업체와 부품업체간 지식공유에서 발생되는 어려움을 크게 감소시킬 수 있기 때문이다. 이와 같은 연구배경 하에서, 본 연구에서는 완성차업체와 부품업체간 관계에 배태된 사회자본을 구조자본, 인지자본, 관계자본으로 구분하고 이와 같은 사회자본 들이 부품업체의 기술력증대에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 살펴보았다. 실증분석결과 국내 부품업체의 부품설계기술을 강화시키는데 있어서는 구조자본이나 인지자본이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 부품업체의 생산기술을 강화시켜 나가는데 있어서는 관계자본이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 본 연구결과는 국내 자동차부품업체의 기술역량강화를 위해서는 완성차업체와 부품업체간 관계에 배태된 사회자본이 부품업체의 기술특성 즉 부품설계기술과 생산기술에 따라서 재설정되어야 한다는 점을 시사해주고 있다.

Abstract

Our model argues that aspects of social capital embedded in relationships of automotive supplier with key customers increase the automotive supplier's knowledge acquisition from these relationships and develop the automotive supplier's technology capability such as parts design skill and production skill. While the literature on interorganizational learning has emphasized the notion that more deeply embedded ties with both suppliers and customers are conducive to acquiring knowledge and capabilities, it has yet to systematically investigate the relative influence of embedded ties with the relationships or how different elements of embedded ties affect the acquisition of knowledge and development of capabilities. This paper examine automotive supplier and key customer's relationships through a social capital such as cognitive, structural and relational capital, with a specific focus on supplier performance such as design skills and product skills. Findings reveal that improvements in automotive supplier's design skills are likely to require cognitive capital and structure capital with key customer. On the other hand, automotive supplier's product skills are likely to require relation capital with key customer. Different types of knowledge type have different social cost with key customer's relationship. Thus, the present study provides some understanding of automotive suppler relationships with key customer and how their social capital dimensions are related to supplier technology performance.

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