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자회사의 지식창출 활동 결정 요인에 관한 연구: 다국적기업의 한국 내 자회사 사례를 중심으로

The Antecedents of Knowledge Creation of Subsidiaries: The Case of Multinational Corporation Subsidiaries in Korea

조동성|이강문|이윤철
한국전략경영학회 (Korean Strategic Management Society)|2010.12|전략경영연구 (Journal of Strategic Management)|제13권 제3호|pp. 151-172|DOI 10.17786/jsm.2010.13.3.006

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참고문헌

키워드

자회사다국적기업MNCKnowledge Creation지식창출Relational FactorsSubsidiary관계적 요인
주제분류경영학

초록

지식기반 관점에서 다국적기업의 자회사들은 자신이 창출한 지식을 본사 및 동료자회사들에게 이전함으로써 다국적기업의 경쟁우위 향상에 기여한다. 자회사의 지식 이전 활동은 자회사가 현지 시장 내 재무적 성과 창출과 같은 기능적인 역할 수행을 넘어서 전략적 리더의 역할로 진화하는 과정에서 나타날 수 있다. 따라서 자회사 역할 진화의 결과물인 자회사 지식이전 활동에 대한 학술적 접근이 활발하게 이루어졌다. 그러나 상대적으로 자회사 역할 진화의 요인이 되는 자회사의 혁신 혹은 지식창출 활동에 대한 논의는 다루어지지 못한 것이 사실이다. 따라서 본 연구는 특정 자회사의 지식창출 활동에 대한 추가적인 연구를 주요한 목표로 하고 있으며, 자회사 지식 창출에 관한 기존 변수인 자회사의 조직적 속성과 현지 환경적 속성과 함께 자회사가 다국적기업의 네트워크와 맺고 있는 관계의 속성이 자회사의 지식창출활동에 미치는 영향에 대해 분석을 시도하였다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 조직적 속성인 기업가 정신, 관계적 속성인 의사결정에 대한 자율성, 사회적 자본 및 다국적기업 네트워크 내 자회사의 영향력 각각이 자회사의 지식 창출에 긍정적 효과를 미치는 것과 현지 환경적 속성으로 현지경쟁강도의 부정적 효과를 국내에 진출한 다국적기업 자회사의 설문자료를 통하여 통계적으로 실증하였다.

Abstract

In Knowledge-based view, the subsidiaries of MNC are able to contribute to improve MNC's competitiveness by transferring their self-creating knowledge. They share their knowledge with parent and peer subsidiaries. It means that the role of subsidiaries evolves from 'implementor' to 'strategic leader'. Therefore, many studies have focused on subsidiary's knowledge transferring. However, the discussions about subsidiary’s knowledge creation, which is the sufficient condition for the evolution of subsidiary’s role, are insufficient. This study investigates the effects of subsidiary's local environmental and organizational characteristics on subsidiary’s knowledge creation and especially adopts three relational factors between subsidiary and other MNC’s organizations that affect on its knowledge creation. We introduced 'subsidiary's autonomy', 'subsidiary's social capital in a MNC network', and 'strength of subsidiary in a MNC network' as the subsidiary's relational factors and investigated the effect of three factors on subsidiary knowledge creation. The results showed that subsidiary's entrepreneurship as an organizational factor has a positive effect on subsidiary's knowledge creation but the level of local competition as an local environmental factor has a negative effect on it. Especially, three relational factors (autonomy, social capital, and strength of subsidiary in a MNC network) all positively related to subsidiary’s knowledge creation.

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