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자회사 기술이전 성과 경로에서 자회사 경영 자율성과 관계특성의 역할

The Role of Relational Assets and Management Autonomy on the Path to the Performance of Technology Transfer

조연성
한국기업경영학회 (Korean Corporation Management Association)|2015.12|기업경영연구 (Korean Corporation Management Review)|제22권 제6호|pp. 251-270

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키워드

자회사흡수역량Absorptive Capacity관계자산기술이전 성과Subsidiary경영 자율성Performance of Technology TransferManagement AutonomyRelational Asset
주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 해외 자회사를 운영하는 다국적기업의 기술이전 성과 결정요인을 살펴보려는 목적으로 진행하였다. 지식기반관점과 현지화 전략 접근과 관련한 기존 이론적 논의를 살펴보고 기술이전 성과 결정요인 분석 모형을 제시하였다. 자회사 경영 자율성을 선행요인으로 하였으며, 본사와 자회사의 관계자산이 갖는 조절효과 요인을 분석하였다. 국내 기업 중 해외 자회사를 운영하는 다국적기업의 표본으로 182개의 설문 표본을 분석 대상으로 하였다. 경영 자율성, 자회사 흡수역량, 기술이전 성과를 경로모형으로 제시하고 관계자산인 신뢰와 협력을 조절효과 요인으로 설정하였다. 조절효과를 포함하여 7개 가설을 구조방정식 모형인 PLS(Partial Least Square) 모형으로 실증분석 하였다. 분석결과 경영 자율성과 자회사 흡수역량은 모두 기술이전 성과에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 반면 경영 자율성은 기술이전 성과에는 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 조절효과 분석에서는 경영 자율성과 협력의 조절효과는 흡수역량에 그리고 경영 자율성과 신뢰의 조절효과는 기술이전 성과에 각각 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 실증분석 결과는 관계자산의 조절효과 분석을 진행한 점에서 앞으로 연구에서 이를 활용하려는 분석에 이론적 논의를 제공한다. 또한, 관계자산을 중심으로 경영 자율성 효과를 높일 수 있는 본사의 접근이 기술이전 성과에 긍정적이라는 실무적 시사점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

This research analyzed MNEs’ performance of technology transfer from the view of management autonomy, absorptive capacity and the role of relational assets. The objective of this study is as follows. First, this study attempts to build an integrated analysis model utilizing theoretical framework of localization of subsidiary based on the global strategy and knowledge-based view that describing the technology transfer. Second, this study will try to explain the relation between the management autonomy, absorptive capacity and the performance of technology transfer in MNEs’ subsidiary. Third, this study will analyze the moderating effects of the trust and the cooperation in terms of the results of the empirical analysis in existing the relational assets view. According to the existing literatures, empirical research model was proposed in which management autonomy factor based on the global strategy theory, absorptive capacity based on the knowledge-based theory and two factors(trust, cooperation) in terms of the relational asset theory are integrated. In the empirical method of this study which based on the discussions above, used total 20 questions to measure 5 latent variables. The research sample were MNEs running foreign subsidiaries. The data set was extracted from 2013/2014 Overseas Korea Business Directory published by Korea Trade Investment Promotion Agency(KOTRA). The research survey was conducted through e-mail, fax, and online. After survey completed, 182 questionnaires were collected from subsidiaries. Using a PLS(Partial Least Square)-structural equation modeling-this study tests 7 hypotheses including moderating effects of relational assets. Analysis result showed that for the effect of management autonomy on absorptive capacity, it did not have statistically significant. But it showed a positive effect on the absorptive capacity. In addition, there was a positive relation between the absorptive capacity and the performance of technology transfer. For the hypotheses about moderating effects of the relational assets, PLS method used two-stage approach. As a result, the moderating effect between the management autonomy and the cooperation had a positive impact on the absorptive capacity and the effect on the performance of technology transfer by the management autonomy and the trust which was a relational asset were so. First, this research has a theoretical implication as it examines the moderating effects of relational assets, by expanding the discussion of the existing researches on knowledge transfer. In addition, this study has a difference point compare with precious research. Because this study focused the role of the relational assets which has a impact the technology transfer of subsidiaries affected the local culture. Second, this study has another theoretical implication as it set management autonomy as an antecedent factor of the absorptive capacity and the performance of technology transfer. Because existing researches did not directly examine the influence of the management autonomy on absorptive capacity and the performance of technology transfer as a main element of technology transfer process. Third, this research suggests a business implication about the management autonomy and the relational assets(trust, cooperation) to Korean MNEs operated subsidiaries. By comparing with a empirical result about moderating effect between the management autonomy and the trust, this research provide a important role of the cooperation. Such result implies that Korean MNEs should concentrate on developing the management autonomy of foreign subsidiaries, and build up stable structure of relational assets, for the process of transferring technology to their subsidiaries.

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