한국어와 인도네시아어의 주어 인칭대명사 사용 양상 대조

Abstract

This study aims to discover the usage characteristics of Korean and Indonesian’s personal pronouns in the subject position based on Korean-Indonesian parallel corpus. In Korean, subjects can be freely ellipted and null subject sentences are possible. In Indonesian, the subject can also be freely ellipted if it can be recovered from the antecedents in the context. The results of analyzing the subject personal pronouns of the two languages appearing in the parallel corpus of Korean and Indonesian are summarized as follows. First, since Korean is a topic prominent pro-drop, discourse-oriented, and zero anaphor language, subject personal pronouns are often omitted. On the other hand, in Indonesian, subject personal pronouns omission is more restricted and limited compared Korean. Second, the biggest factor that affects the possibility of omission of subject pronouns in Korean is whether the corresponding personal pronoun has a function of emphasis, contrast, or focus, whereas in Indonesian, subject ommision is based on the possibility of the being subject recovered from a given context. In Korean, personal pronouns that serve the role of emphasis, contrast, and focus are not often omitted. In Indonesian, they can be omitted if there is a high possibility of the subject being recovered from a given context. Third, it can be seen that Korean shows the characteristics of a situation-oriented language in which the situation is at the center of the sentence and human actors are not revealed, whereas Indonesian shows the characteristics of a human-oriented language in which human actors are revealed at the center of the sentence. Therefore, the Korean sentence ‘smells like oil(기름 냄새가 나다)’ is translated into ‘(I) smell oil((내가) 기름 냄새를 맡다)’ in Indonesian. Fourth, Korean shows partial descriptive linguistic characteristics, and Indonesian shows overall descriptive linguistic characteristics like English. For this reason, the Korean word ‘my words(제 말)’ appears as ‘aku(I)’ and ‘your popularity(너의 인기)’ as ‘kau(you)’. The above research results can be used as basic data to educate Indonesian Korean learners about the characteristics of Korean expressions.