부테플리카 대통령의 ‘베르베르’(Berber) 정책이 마그레브 지역의 문화 변동에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The emergence of Berberism in the Maghreb has not been the case in recent years. He has already begun to reveal himself through the colonial period of France. After the birth of nationalism and independence in the process of decolonization, the question of identity in the process of Arab politics is confronted with the era of globalization. The Berber identity movement in Algeria has emerged in the constant conflict with power. However, national leaders have tried not to admit Berberism and this term has become taboo. In this situation, physical conflicts will be inevitable. President Abdelazid Bouteflika had a Berber policy that was no different from that of his predecessor, but his Berber policy during his tenure was very different from his predecessors. Despite the 19-year long term, President Bouteflika's approach to Berbers is to recognize the diversity of his own culture. Especially in 2018, he named "Yennayer" as a national holiday and a national festival. The fact that national holidays related to Islam in Algeria are designated as a national holiday is a big event in Algeria and other Maghreb countries. Despite Morocco has many more Berbers than other Maghreb countries and despite its considerable policy on the Berber, the results of the Berber policy of Morocco have not received much attention compared to Algeria. In this perspective, we sought to focus on Berber political changes during the reign of President Bouteflika and on the importance of "Yennayer" and the potential for cultural change in the Maghreb region. It is to see that Algeria and the Maghreb region encompass a diversified cultural identity in addition to Arab and Islamic culture, and that it is now turning into a multicultural space.