신라 소경의 기능과 공간 구조

Abstract

In this article, I approached Silla’s sogyeong (小京) in terms of space and logistics. While the population of privileged Wanggyeong (王京) people, that is the capital residents increased after the mid-old period, there was a limit to bringing local supplies to the capital due to the structure of the territory. It can be understood that sogyeong was built as a separate capital so that part of Wanggyeong people could go and live near faraway tax collection resources and consume the goods there. The ruling class living in sogyeong was disadvantageous in maintaining its political status because it was far from the king, but it was able to enjoy relatively abundant local supplies. Foreigners who surrendered to Silla and were guaranteed a certain status were able to preserve some of their identity and culture by living in sogyeong rather than living in Wanggyeong. On the other hand, Silla could have made those who made contributions to the country or who were naturalized live in sogyeong, giving them certain compensation and preventing them from indiscriminately entering the capital. In addition, it would have been possible to efficiently manage supplies in distant areas. During the unification period, sogyeong generally had a county-level area, and it seems that it was divided into six or less districts depending on the direction and borrowed names of the six bus (六部) in Wanggyeong. The center of sogyeong was divided into grid-shaped streets, and a hill fortress was built nearby so that it could be evacuated in case of emergency. Although the investigation of sogyeongs’ center area has not been carried out in earnest, the case of Bokryong-dong site in Sangju, which corresponds to center area of the capital of Sangju (尙州), one of the nine provinces (九州) in unified Silla, shows that middle- and upper-class houses were densely distributed and the residents were leading a standard of living in an urban landscape.