반사동화 표지 ‘給’에 대한 시론
“Gei(給)” as an Anti-Causative Marker
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This paper suggests “Gei”, which is in front of VP, is an anticausative marker in Chinese just like reflexive clitics act in the world languages. Previous research has suggested various functions of “Gei” as “causative”, “middle”, “passive”, “affectedness”, “moving object to front of sentence”, but have not yet found out the relationship among these functions. The alternation of causal and non-causal constructions is a normal phenomenon witnessed in world languages, and the derivation from causal to non-causal is called “anticausative alternation or anticausativization”. Anticausative constructions have “spontaneous” and “affectedness” features, through deleting or backgrounding agent (causer) role syntactically and semantically. Based on this, anticausative markers also behave as muti-functional words, including passive, middle, reflexive, etc. The features of anticausative constructions and the various functions of anticausative markers in the world languages can demonstrate the features of “Gei” construction, as an anticausative construction and the wide distribution of “Gei”, including “Ba construction(causative)”, “middle construction” and “Bei construction(passive)” in Chinese.
Abstract
This paper suggests “Gei”, which is in front of VP, is an anticausative marker in Chinese just like reflexive clitics act in the world languages. Previous research has suggested various functions of “Gei” as “causative”, “middle”, “passive”, “affectedness”, “moving object to front of sentence”, but have not yet found out the relationship among these functions. The alternation of causal and non-causal constructions is a normal phenomenon witnessed in world languages, and the derivation from causal to non-causal is called “anticausative alternation or anticausativization”. Anticausative constructions have “spontaneous” and “affectedness” features, through deleting or backgrounding agent (causer) role syntactically and semantically. Based on this, anticausative markers also behave as muti-functional words, including passive, middle, reflexive, etc. The features of anticausative constructions and the various functions of anticausative markers in the world languages can demonstrate the features of “Gei” construction, as an anticausative construction and the wide distribution of “Gei”, including “Ba construction(causative)”, “middle construction” and “Bei construction(passive)” in Chinese.
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