미래를 나타내는 조동사 ‘會’와 ‘要’의 비교 연구

Abstract

The auxiliary verbs ‘HUI’(會) and ‘YAO’(要) play a key role in representing future in Chinese. However, when these two auxiliary verbs represent future, in some cases they are replaceable and in others they are irreplaceable. We believe that these phenomena are due to the basic difference in meaning between the two auxiliary verbs. ‘HUI’(會) represents only the prediction of future ‘after reference time’. On the other hand, ‘YAO’(要) may represent the state of ‘volition’ or the ‘situation being imminent’ state in ‘reference time’ in addition to the future meaning ‘after reference time’. Therefore, ‘~SHI’(時) representing a specific time point can only be used with ‘YAO’(要), which can represent the situation in ‘reference time’. In addition, adverbs indicating that a certain state have already begun or persist in ‘reference time’ such as ‘GANG’(剛) and ‘ZHENG’(正) can only be used with ‘YAO’(要), which can represent the situation in ‘reference time’. In addition, ‘YAO’(要) represents the state of ‘volition’ or the ‘situation being imminent’ state in ‘reference time’, therefore, the predicates that follows ‘YAO’(要) are limited to those with dynamic meaning. On the other hand, ‘HUI’(會) represents only the situation ‘after reference time’, but cannot represent the situation in ‘reference time’. Therefore, it cannot be used with ‘SHI’(時) to indicate a specific time point, and it cannot be used with ‘GANG’(剛) or ‘ZHENG’(正) to indicate a situation that has already begun or persist in reference time. In addition, since ‘HUI’(會) represents only the situation ‘after reference time’, the predicates used with ‘HUI’(會) are not limited to those with dynamic meaning.