영국의 복지유형과 의식의 괴리 - 그 기원과 시사점 -
The Origin and Implication of Gap Between Type of Welfare State and Welfare Consciousness in Britain since 1980s.
1
조회
0
다운로드
12
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 80년대 이후 영국에서 복지국가유형과 복지의식 간에 일정한 괴리가 있다는 것을 보여주고 그 원인을 밝히고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 다시말해, 현재 영국의 복지국가유형은 앵글로 색슨 모델, 즉 잔여적 또는 자유주의적 복지모델로 규정되는 데 비해, 영국인들은 제도적 또는 사회민주주의적 복지유형에 상응하는 복지의식을 갖고 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 질적양적 방법론에 기반해서 이 괴리의 실제를 확인하고 그 괴리의 기원을 분석하고자 한다. 본 연구를 통해 볼 때, 1979대처정부 등장이후 신자유주의에 기반한 사회복지개혁에도 불구하고 영국인들의 복지의식은 여전히 사회민주주의적 의식을 유지했는데, 그 원인은 사회적 합의와 이것의 이행에 따른 영국인들의 권리의식, 시민사회 교육을 통한 시민권의식의 재생산, 복지제도의 유산과 새로운 주체들에 의한 복지정치 등에 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to explore a gap between type of welfare state and welfare consciousness in Britain since 1980s. In detail, it has been mentioned that the type of welfare state of Britain is Anglo-Saxon Model, or residual and liberal model while the welfare consciousness is a institutional or social democratic model. This thesis accordingly tries to discover the gap and explain origin of the gap based on qualitative and quantitative methods. In conclusion, there has been a gap between the welfare state and welfare consciousness since the Thatcher government. In addition, there are three main causes for the gap as follows: Firstly, there has been belief for post-war consensus in Britain as a political factor. The British people think that they do their best in responsibility such as tax payment according to the social contract. The performance of their duties makes that British people have criticized welfare curtailment and remained institutional welfare consciousness. Secondly, ceaseless efforts of civil society by trade unions and civic groups contribute that the consciousness leads to no change of welfare consciousness under the Conservative regime. Although influence on state is weak, trade unions still play a major role in civil society as a political actor and educator on citizens and there are lots of civil groups related to welfare activities. Lastly, there are welfare legacies and welfare experiences in Britain. For example, there is no doubt that all the British people have been benefited from NHS and there are many health workers in the system.
참고문헌 (69)
- 강상구, "신자유주의의 역사와 진실" (2000), 문화과학사
- 고세훈, "영국노동당사:한 노동운동의 정치화 이야기" (1999), 나남
- 김상균, "90년대 한국인의 복지의식에 관한 연구", 한국사회복지학, 25, pp.1~33 (1995)
- 김영모, "한국인의 복지의식" (1980), 일조각
- 김영범, "복지국가에 대한 비교사회학적 접근:에스핑 안데르센을 중심으로", 비교사회, (3), pp.206~233 (2000)
- 김영순, "복지국가의 위기와 영국과 스웨덴의 경험" (1998), 서울대출판부.
- 김종일, "복지에서 노동중심적 복지국가의 비판적 이해" (2001), 일신사
- 김태성, "복지국가론" (2001), 나남
- 류진석, "복지태도의 미시적 결정구조와 특성", 한국사회복지학, 56(4), pp.79~101 (2004)
- 양옥경, "가족주의 가치관에 따른 한국인의 복지의식 연구:서울지역 기혼자를 중심으로", 한국사회복지학, 51, pp.229~256 (2002)
- 이인재, "IMF 관리체제 이후 한국인의 사회복지의식에 관한 연구", 사회복지연구, (12), pp.85~111 (1998)
- 정승국, "제3의 길과 영국의 노동조합운동", 동향과 전망, (63), pp.94~125 (2005)
- 최균, "복지의식의 경향과 특징:이중성", 사회복지연구, 16, pp.223~254 (2000)
- Giddens,A, "The Third Way: The Renewal of Social Democracy" (1998), 생각의 나무
- Giddens,A, "The Third Way and Its Critics" (2002), Polity Press
- Giddens,A, "Where Now for New Labour", Polity Press, ~ (2004)
- Jessop,B, "State Theory: Putting the Capitalist State in its Place", 한울, ~ (2000)
- Pierson,P., "복지국가는 해체되는가: 레이건, 대처, 그리고 축소의 정치" (2006), 성균관대학교 출판부
- Ander? H.?, "Four Worlds of Welfare State Attitudes?:A Comparison of Germany,Norway and the United State.", European Sociological Review, 17(4), pp.337~356 (2001)
- Barnes,D., "A New Trade Unions in the Second World War", pp.149~168 (1982), .Longman Group Limited
- Beveridge,W, "Social Insurance and Allied Services." (1942), HMSO.Cmd
- Beveridge,W, "Power and Influence" (1953), Hodder & Stoughton
- Bleksaune,M., "Public Attitudes toward Welfare State Policies:A Comparative Analysis of 24 Nations.", European Sociological Review, 19(5), pp.415~427 (2003)
- Bosanguet,N, "Social Policy and the Welfare State.In Jowell,R(ed.),British Social Attitudes(1984 report)", pp.75~104 (1984), Gower
- Briggs,A, "The Welfare State in Historical Perspective.Europeannes de sociologie", TomeII, 2, pp.221~258 (1961)
- Bromley,C, "In there a Third Way?.In Jowell,R.,et al.(ed.),British Social Attitudes(16th report),", pp.201~233 (1999), Ashgate
- Childs,D, "Britain since A Political History(second edition)." (1986), Ernest Benn Limited.
- Coxall,B., "Contemporary British Politics(second edition)" (1994), Macmillan Press Ltd
- Coxall,B, "Pressure Groups in British Politics" (2001), Longman
- Dorey,P, "British Politics since 1945" (1995), Blackwell Publishers Ltd
- Esping-Andersen,G, "Social Fundations of Postindustrial Economies" (1999), Oxford University Press.
- Esping-Andersen,G, "The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism" (1990), Polity
- Fryer,B.,T.Manson, "Employment and Trade Unionism in the Public Services:Background Notes to the Struggle against the Cuts.", Capital and Class, 4, pp.70~77 (1978)
- Furniss,N., "The Case for the Welfare State:from Social Security to Social Equality.Bloomington ;" (1977), Indiana University Press.
- Gallup,G.H, "Public Opinion Poll(1947; 1965; 1975),In Gallup International Public Opinion Great Britain(1937-75)." (1977), Greenwood Press.London.
- George,V., "?Ideology and Social Welfare" (1976), Routledge and Kegan Paul
- Gough,I, "The Political Economy of the Welfare State" (1979), Macmillan Press Ltd
- Hay,C, "Re-Stating Social and Political Change" (1996), Open University Press
- Heffernan,R, "New Labour and Political Change in Britain" (2001), Palgrave.
- Hesenfeld,Y., "The Determinants of Public Attitudes Toward the Welfare State,", Social Forces, 67(4), pp.1027~1048 (1989)
- Hills,J, "Poverty and Social What Rights? Whose Responsibilities?.In Park,A.et al.(ed.).Brithish Social Attitudes(18th report).", pp.1~28 (2001), SAGE
- Jessop,B., "Thatcherism:A Tale of Two Nations" (1988), Polity Press
- Johnson,P, "20th Century Britain:Economic,Social and Culture Change", Addison Wesley Longman Limited., ~ (1994)
- Jones,K, "The making of social policy in from the poor law to new Labour" (2000), Continuum.
- Legard,R., "Qualitative Research Practice: A Guide for Social Science Students and Researchers", pp.138~169 (2003), SAGE
- Marsh,D, "The New Politics of British Trade Union Power and the Thatcher Legacy" (1992), The Macmillan Press Ltd.
- Mishra,R, "Society and Social Theories and Practice of Welfare." (1981), Macmillan.
- Mishra,R, "The Welfare State in Social Thought and Social Change" (1984), Harvester Press.
- Navarro,V, "Class Struggle,The State and An Historical and Contemporary Analysis of the Medical Sector in Britain" (1978), Robertson.
- Papadakis,E., "Popular Support for the Welfare State:A Comparison between Institutional Regimes.", Journal of Public Policy, 13(3), pp.227~254 (1993)
- Pelling,H, "A History of British Trade Unionism(fourth edition)" (1987), Macmillan Press Ltd
- Punch,K.F, "Developing Effective Research Proposals" (2000), SAGE
- Robson,C, "Real World A Resource for Social Scientists and Practitioner-Researchers." (1993), Blackwell.
- Sabbagh,C., "Exploring Attitudes Towards the Welfare State:Students’ Views in Eight Democracies.", Journal of Social Policy, 35(5), pp.607~628 (2006)
- Sefton,T, "What We want from the Welfare Wtate.In Park,A.et al.(ed.),British Social Attitudes(20th Report).", pp.1~28 (2003), SAGE
- Selden,A, "The Rise and Fall of the Post-war Consensus.In Jones,B.(ed.),Politics UK.", pp.41~57 (1991), Philip Allan
- Smith,T.W, "Inequality and Welfare.In Jowell,R.(ed.),British Social Attitudes(6th report)", pp.59~86 (1989), Gower
- Svallfors,S, "Dimensions of Inequality:A Comparison of Attitudes in Sweden and Britian.", European Sociological Review, 9(3), pp.267~287 (1993)
- Taylor-Gooby,, "The UK-A Test Case for the Liberal Welfare State?.In Taylor-Gooby,P.(ed.),New Risks,New Welfare; The Transformation of European Welfare States", pp.55~82 (2004), Oxford University Press
- Taylor-Gooby,P., "Support for State has New Labour got it Right?.In Park,A.et al.(ed.),Brithish Social Attitudes(18th report).", pp.75~96 (2002), SAGE
- Taylor-Gooby,P, "What Citizens want from the State.In Jowell,R.,et al.(ed.),International Social Attitudes(10th BSA Report),", pp.81~101 (1993), Dartmouth Publishing Company Limited
- Taylor-Gooby,P, "Commitment to the Welfare State.In Jowell,R.et al.(ed.),Brithish and Euproean Social Attidues(15th report).", pp.56~75 (1998), Ashgate
- Taylor-Gooby,P, "The Work-centred Welfare State.In Park,A.et al.(ed.),Brithish Social Attitudes(21st report).", pp.1~21 (2004), SAGE
- Titmuss,R, "Social Policy:An Introduction." (1974), Allen and Unwin
- Titmuss,R, "Universalism versus Selection.In Pierson,C.and Castles,F.G.(ed.),The Welfare State Reader.", pp.42~49 (2000), Polity Press
- Wedderbun,D, "Facts and Theories of the Welfare State,In Ralph Miliband and John Saville(ed" (1965), The Socialist Register,Merlinm Press
- Wilensky,H.L., "Industrial Society and Social Welfare" (1965), Free Press
- Uunison, "Essential Information, http:", index.asp., 2007[DOI]
- National Union of Teachers, "Join Us, http:", topichome.php?id=2., 2007[DOI]
