『육조단경』과 육왕(陸王) 심학(心學)

Abstract

The negotiating relationship between Buddhism and Confucianism originated from the early days of Buddhism's introduction to China. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties period, the basic framework for the fusion of Buddhism and Confucianism was formed. From the Sui dynasty to the Tang dynasty, the Confucian scholars rather advocated the fusion of Confucianism and Buddhism, and theory of unity of three religions also appeared. Speaking from a large frame of thought, it can be said that Buddhism was influenced by Confucianism with the emergence of 'Buddha-nature theory', and the investigation of such 'Buddha-nature theory' again influenced appearance of the Confucian XinXue(心學) and LiXue(理學). In addition, it can be said that Confucianism's emphasis on 'worldly action' changed Buddhism centered on 'supra-worldly action' and changed it to emphasize 'worldly action' as well. This paper discusses the process of fusion of Confucianism and Buddhism after the introduction of Buddhism to China, and further briefly examines the ideological negotiation relationship of 'The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch', LiuJiuYuan(陸九淵)'s XinXue, and WangYangming(王陽明)'s YangMingXue(陽明學). Both Liu and Wang showed remarkable acceptance of the Seon ideas presented in 'The Platform Sutra of the Six Patriarch'. It can be seen that the idea of 'QueJiZiFan(切己自反)' or 'DaoBuWaiSuo(道不外索)' propounded by Liu is highly likely to have originated from the 'The Platform Sutra'. Also, behind the ideas of 'YangJi(良知)', 'ZhiYangJi(致良知)', and 'integration of wisdom and action(知行合一)' proposed by Wang is it possible to presume that 'self-nature' and 'DingHuiDengXue(定慧等學)' worked. The acceptance and fusion of the ideas of 'The Platform Sutra' in the LiuWang Xinxue can be a natural result if the overall process of fusion of Buddhism and Confucianism is cleared. However, the fashion of Yangming Studies made it possible to succeed in Chinese Buddhism through the appearance of ‘four great monks’ in Buddhism, which was extremely declining at the end of the Ming Dynasty. From this point of view, it can be said that there is a point that can be evaluated as having fully paid off his ideological debt to the Patriarchal Chan.