대규모 표본을 활용한 활동적인 장애인의 주관적 건강 예측요인 탐색
Identifying Factors Predicting Perceived Health in a Large Sample of Active Individuals with Disabilities
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본 연구는 대규모 표본을 활용하여 활동적인 장애인의 주관적 건강을 예측하는 요인을 규명하고자 하는 목적으로, 우리나라 장애 인구에 대한 대표성을 갖는 국가승인통계인 2021년 장애인생활체육조사의 원자료를 분석 하였다. 총 10,000명의 응답 중 결측치가 1개 이상 확인된 19건을 제외하고, 최근 1년간 운동 참여 여부를 기준으로 참여한 사람의 응답 3,971개를 국제 기능⋅장애⋅건강 분류(International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health)에 근거하여 분석하였다. 유효 표본에 대해 연속형 결과변수를 고려하여 후진제거법에 기반한 순서형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면 첫째, 신체활동에 참여한 집단의 주관적 건강이 그렇지 않은 집단보다 높은 주관적 건강 수준을 보였다. 둘째, 신체활동에 참여한 장애인의 주관적 건강에 영향을 미치는 요인은 연령대, 월 가계 소득, 직업 여부, 주변 체육시설 인식 여부, 장애인 생활 체육 클럽/동호회 활성화 필요성 인식, 장애 유형, 보행 수준, 운동 시간, 운동 강도, 운동 목적으로 확인되었다. 이러한 건강 예측모형은 24.7%(Nagelkerke R² )의 설명력을 가지며, 적합도 검정 결과 통계적으로 유의미 하게 적합한 것으로 나타났다(Pearson =12089.997, 𝑝 ˂.05). 국내 장애인의 건강 증진을 위한 근거 기반 정책과 프로그램의 방향 설정과 개발에 본 연구 결과가 도움이 되길 기대한다.
Abstract
This study aims to identify contributing factors that predict perceived health in a large sample of active individuals with disabilities in Korea. We employed secondary data analysis using 10,000 samples from the 2021 National Physical Activity Participation Survey for Individuals with Disabilities. We selected 3,971 responses of whom participated in physical activity in a recent year from the total sample of 9,981, excluding 19 samples had more than one missing value. We conducted ordinal logistic regression based on forward model selection. According to the result, first, the group regularly participated in physical activity showed higher level of perceived health than their counterparts who did not participated in physical activity regularly. Second, ordinal logistic regression revealed that age, monthly income, occupational status, recognition of sports facility near a place of residence, level of agreement on the need of physical activity clubs for people with disabilities, types of disability, the degree to assistance on walking, physical activity duration, physical activity intensity, and the purpose of physical activity were significant factors on the perceived health of people who regularly participated in physical activity. This model explained 24.7% (Nagelkerke R²) of the variance in the perceived health, and the goodness-of-fit test showed this model fits well (Pearson=12089.997, 𝑝 <.05). It is expected that the current study results guide development of evidence-based policy and programs to effectively promote health of people with disabilities in Korea.
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