중고령 장애인의 여가시간 신체활동 영향 요인: 장애인삶 패널조사 자료를 활용한 횡단 및 종단분석*

Abstract

Regular physical activity (PA) is critical to improve health of people with disabilities, but their PA levels are different due to various influencing factors on PA behavior. This study used data from the first (2018) to fifth (2022) waves of the Disability Life Panel Survey to examine how PA and its influencing factors change over time and how those factors affect individuals' leisure-time PA levels, using cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. A total of 3,289 cases who completed all five surveys were included for final data analyses. Descriptive statistics were used to examine changes in influencing factors over time from the initial year of disability, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed for between-individual influencing factors, while panel data fixed-effects analyses were conducted for within-individual influencing factors. The results showed that, first, perceived health, psychological, and economic status remained similar or improved over the five years, while the number of close social relationships decreased. Second, the interpersonal influencing factors were subjective health, social relationships, self-esteem, female gender, employment status, and economic hardship. Third, intrapersonal factors were identified as subjective health, social relationships, life satisfaction, depression, and economic hardship. This study demonstrates the changes in physical, psychological, and social relationships of middle-aged and older adults with disabilities as they progress from acute to chronic disability. It also provides information on the impact of these changes on leisure-time physical activity. The study findings reveal the unique characteristics of middle-aged and older adults with disabilities, and shed light on their leisure-time physical activity levels and patterns from multiple perspectives using both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.