<春秋>의 다양한 批判見解를 통해 본 춘추시대정신

Abstract

Confucius, through 『Chunchu』, discriminated between right and wrong, good and evil on the concrete events covering at history and expressed the grand righteousness of human on the basis of morality . Confucius drew a conclusion the features and events of Chunchu era with cool headed and sharp standards which are called criticism and judgement to realize the perfect virtue. Though these are expressed pessimistic words which are called criticism on posterity, strictly speaking, we can speak these as conclusion by the evaluation viewpoint of Confucius owing to the limit time and space. Confucius didn't have intention of criticizing. Solely, he set up cool headed and sharp standards because he was anxious that the conclusions by evaluation are changed in quality owing to the limit of time and space on posterity. But the conclusion of Confucius by these standards are so simple that it is difficult for modern people to find out adult's wide and deep will. Thus, the purpose of this paper is that express the spirits of Chunchu era by examining the various opinions of posterity carefully. In this intention, as the various opinions for the features, this paper treated the opposite essay on actions which do duties faithfully at own position against the Crown Prince of Jeong country, 'Holl', the idea which respects Noh country of 'Jwa Gu-myeong ' against the Duke of 'Jang' in Noh country and criticism on the idea which respects Noh country of 'Ju Sin ' against the Duke of 'Jang' in Noh country, an essay which respects Ju country of the Duke of 'Jang' in Jeong country and actions which evaluate people who know filial piety of 'Yeong Go-suk '. As the philosophical opinions for the events, this paper treated democracy consciousness against the actions which kill King of 'Jo Don ', the consciousness which respects Noh country of 'Jwa Gu-myeong ', the idea which respect Noh country of 'Confucius ', humanism of 'Confucius' through the viewpoint on sky and human of Chunchu jwajeon school. The spirits of Chunchu era make clear more and more through criticism. Criticism on priority cause the different results in accordance with standards of criticism. Especially, according to nationality and era, we can know the position differ. Also we can know that the grand righteousness of 'Confucius ' and the spirits of the era must have respected Ju country and the idea which respects Noh country in 'Jwa Gu-myeong ' and 'Confucius' was inevitable. In this paper, we can know that 『Chunchu』 started to base democracy and humanism. The critical spirits of this 『Chunchu』 go beyond of 2500 years' time limits and now have unchangeable values which judge 'right and wrong'. The value will have an effect on human history continuously.