지역간 불균형과 지방대학의 위기 - 중소도시의 관점에서 -
On the Regional Development Gap and Universities' Crisis from the Viewpoint of Small and Medium Cities
1
조회
0
다운로드
11
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
대한민국은 지방에서 인구감소와 대학의 몰락, 그리고 수도권에서 시작된 부동산 가격 폭등을 동시에 겪고 있다. 그런데 대학의 위기에 관해 그 지역적 분포를 보면 중소도시 소재 대학에 집중되어 있어서, 이들 지역의 산학협력을 통한 지역발전의 체계가 붕괴하고 있다. 이런 양상은 지역간 격차를 해소하기 위한 지역균형발전정책도 수도권에 대항해서 지방 주요 거점도시를 발전시키는 정책 형태로 펼쳐짐으로써 간과된, 사각지대가 있음을 말해주는 것이다. 즉 중소도시가 지방자치법 등 관련 법령과 정책에서 사각지대에 놓여있었다. 그러나 중소도시는 일정 수준의 집적효과와 함께 자연친화적 삶을 가능케 하는, 그래서 우리 삶의 질을 높여줄 수 있는 공간이다. 유럽과 북미 등에서 2000년대 이후 중소도시의 인구와 생산의 성장률이 대도시보다 더 높고, 지역혁신체계에 관한 논의에 반성이 제기되는 상황을 고려할 때, 한국사회에서 균형발전의 진정한 목적이 무엇인가라는 물음의 맥락에서 오늘날 중소도시와 지역대학의 위기의 성격을 분석하고 그 대책을 제시한다.
Abstract
These days in Korea, lots of universities are collapsed. Korean society suffers from the shrink of small and medium cities and the surge of real estate price and the decrease of birthrate around the metropolitan area. Balanced regional development policies also have been centered to the development of regional hub cities. This paper propose to pay attention to the crisis of the colleges in the small and medium cities. In these cities, almost of some bright high school students go to the colleges in hub cities or metropolitan cities and such is a fruitful life cycle for themselves and their parents. But after that they almost nerver come back their hometowns again. So education is a path to the shrink of small and medium cities nevertheless the importance of the collaboration of regional society and regional universities in the model of regional innovation system. I present the policy to overcome these crises of reginal universities in the small and medium cities.
참고문헌 (56)
- 권오혁, "중소도시의 부동산 개발과 도심지 재생 전략", 도시연구, 8 (2002)
- 지역 기반의 지식트라이앵글에서 대학의 역할 강화 방안, "김형주", 과학기술정책연구원, ~, pp.정책연구 2016-5 (2016)
- 지방중소도시 활성화를 위한 유형별 발전방향 연구, "변필성", 국토연구원, ~ (2015)
- 지방중소도시 활성화방안 연구, "신정철", 국토연구원, ~ (2004)
- 이양재, "우리나라 중소도시 유형별 특성파악을 위한 연구", 국토계획, 26(3) (1991)
- 이원호, "장소기반 정책과 도시빈곤: 일자리 미스매치와 지역노동시장의 장소성 분석", 대한지리학회지, 51(1), pp.41~56 (2016), 대한지리학회
- 한경원, "지역정책의 세계적 동향-장소기반의 유럽연합 결속정책을 중심으로", 지역개발연구, 44(1)통권 : 58, pp.109~124 (2012)
- Beck, U., "Second modernity as a research agenda: Theoretical and empirical explorations in the “meta-change” of modern society", British Journal of Sociology, 56(4), pp.525~557 (2005)
- Bell, D., "Small Cities? Towards a Research Agenda", International Journal of Urban and Regional Studies, 33(3), pp.683~699 (2009)
- Belussi, F., "At the Origin of the Industrial District : Alfred Marshall and the Cambridge School", Cambridge School", Cambridge Journal of Economics, 33(2), pp.335~355 (2009)
- Boschma, R. A, "Proximity and innovation: A critical assessment", Regional Studies, 39(1), pp.61~74 (2005)
- Clancey, G, "Local Memory and Worldly Narrative: the Remote City in America and Japan", Urban Studies, 41(12), pp.2335~2355 (2004)
- Clark, N., "Amenities Drive Urban Growth", Journal of Urban Affairs (2002)[DOI]
- Dijkstra, L., "The Economic Performance of European Cities and City Regions: Myths and Realities", European Planning Studies, 21(3), pp.334~354 (2013)
- Doloreux, D., "Regional innovation systems: Current discourse and unresoloved issues", Technology in society, 27(2), pp.133~153 (2005)
- Freeman, C., "Networks of innovators: a synthesis of research issues", Research Policy, 20(5), pp.499~514 (1991)
- Glaeser, E. L., "Consumer city", Journal of Economic Geography, 1, pp.27~50 (2001)
- Gunasekara, C., "Reframing the role of universities in the development of regional innovation systems", The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), pp.101~113 (2006)
- Hesse, S, J, "Migration Policy for Whom? A Case Study of the Political Context of Migration in Sweden", Population and Environment, 3(2), pp.125~134 (1980)
- Hospers, G., "A View on Creative Cities Beyond the Hype", Creativity and Innovation Management, 17(4), pp.259~270 (2008)
- Lewis, N., "A New Rubric for "Creative City" Potential in Canada's Smaller Communities", Urban Studies, 47(1), pp.29~54 (2009)
- Los, B., "The Mismatch between local voting and the local economic consequences of Brexit", Regional Studies, 51, pp.786~799 (2017)
- Nooteboom, B., "Optimal Cognitive Distance and Absorptive Capacity", Research Policy, 36(7), pp.1016~1034 (2007)
- Rodrik,D., "Populism and the economics of globalization", Journal of International Business Policy (2018)
- Rodríguez-Pose, A., "The revenge of the places that don’t matter (and what to do about it)", Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 11(1), pp.189~209 (2017)
- van Heur, B., "Small cities and the geographical bias of creative industries research and policy", Journal of Policy Research in Tourism Leisure and Events Leisure and Events, (2), pp.189~192 (2010)
- Way, H., "Beyond the Big City : The Question of Size in Planning for Urban Sustainability", Peocedia Environmental Sciences, 36, pp.138~145 (2016)
- Wuyts, S., "Empirical tests of optimal cognitive distance", Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organisation, 58, pp.277~302 (2006)
- OECD 지역전망(Regional Outlook) 2019, "경제협력개발기구(OECD)", 국토연구원 국가균형발전지원센터, ~ (2021)
- 인구감소시대 지방중소도시의 지역재생 방안, "김예성", ~, pp.입법·정책보고서 Vol. 48 (2020)
- 박경현, "국토균형발전을 위한 초광역 연계발전전략", 국토정책 Brief, (821) (2021), 국토연구원[DOI]
- 정준호, "지역정책은 사람 중심적이어야 하는가, 장소중심적이어야 하는가?", KIET 산업경제 (2014)
- 폴라니,K., "거대한 전환" (2009), 길
- 최예술, "지방중소도시 현황 및 이슈", 지방중소도시 분석-지역균형발전의 새로운발견, 대구사회연구소 포럼1 발표자료 (2021)
- Exploring the impact of inter-regional linkages on regional diversification in Europe in the context of smart specialisation, "Balland,P.-A.", European Commission, ~, pp.Project 2018CE160AT089 (2019), 090
- An Agenda for a Reformed Cohesion Policy - A place-based approach to meeting European Union challenges and expectations, "Barca, F.", ~ (2009)
- Boschma, R., "The Handbook of Evolutionary Economic Geography", pp.120~135 (2010), Edward Elgar
- Demographic Change in Small Cities, 1990-2000, "Brennan,H.", National League of Cities, ~ (2003)
- Mobility and social networks: Localised knowledge spillovers revisited, "Breschi, S.", Universita Commerciale “Luigi Bocconi”, ~, pp.CESPRI Working Paper, No. 142 (2003)
- City Cluster Dvelopment- Toward an Urban-led Development Strategy for Asia, "Choe,K.", Asina Development Bank, ~ (2008)
- Finegold, D., "The Roles of Higher Education in a Knowledge Economy", Seminar Series on Mass Higher Education in UK and International Contexts (2006)
- Florida, R., "The Flight of the Creative Class: The New Global Competition for Talent" (2005), Harper Business
- The Rise of the Sunbelt, "Glaeser, E. L.", NBER, ~, pp.NBER Working Paper 13071 (2007)
- Hodges,R.A., "The road half traveled : University engagement at a crossroads" (2012), Michigan State University Press
- INTELLI, "Creative-based Strategies in Small and Medium-sized Cities:Guidelines for Local Authorities", ~ (2011)
- Krugman, P, "Cites and Geography, Geography and Trade" (1991), Leuven University Press
- Landry,C., "The Creative City : A Toolkit for Urban Innovators" (2008), Earthscan
- Marshall,A., "Industry and Trade" (1919), Macmillan
- Marshall, A., "Principles of Economics" (1920), Macmillan
- Myrdal,G., "Economic theory and the underdeveloped regions" (1959), Ducksworth
- Neumark,D., "Place-based policies" (2014), Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation
- "Natinal Urban Policy in OECD Countries" (2017)[URL]
- OECD, "Scoping paper for CSTP", TIP project on higher education institutions in the knowledge triangle, DSTI, pp.2015, ~
- OECD, "Regions Matter: Economic Recovery, Innovation and Sustainable Growth" (2009)
- Simmie,J., "Innovative cities" (2003), Routledge
- Smith,A., "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations", Clarendon Press