취치우바이(瞿秋白) 문학, 최후의 3년 —취치우바이－루쉰 〈공동집필잡감(共同執筆雜感)〉(1933)과 《부질없는 이야기[多餘的話]》(1935)를 중심으로

Abstract

This paper tried to read again the literary practice of Quqiubai for his last 3 years. The last 3 years of Quqiubai’s literature are the period from the first half of 1933 to 1935, May. This period is in which Quqiubai was forced out of the Nationalist Party and hid himself in Shanghai only to run away to Ruijin that is the Jiangxi Soviet. Later, he was aisled in Ruijin and due to the 5th Communist subjugation of the Nationalist, he started on its big run, and in this time Quqiubai was ordered to remain in Ruijin from the party and to start a guerrilla war. Finally, escaping himself from Ruijin, Quqiubai went toward the place to be arrested and be executed on June, 1935 by the Nationalist Party. The texts mainly treated by this paper wereLuxun-Quqiubai’s 〈Coauthorized Miscellanies〉written when he lived a secluded life by the help of Luxun in Sanghai and 《The Superfluous Words(多餘 的話)》written before being executed by the Nationalist Party. This paper traced the mental trajectory at the final moment of Quqiubai’s life who was the representative intellectual and revolutionary from these two texts. First, in Luxun-Quqiubai’s 〈Coauthorized Miscellanies〉text, he still sticked to his revolutionary position and challenges his criticism of intellectual used by the king with the techniques of satire. Although he was running away from the Nationalist Party, he said as Luxun’s story embodied China’s “Revolutionary Tradition”, he was proceeding the strict criticism with the writing for the Anti-revolutionary forces. Although his run-away environment was psychologically very pressed, Quqiubai was putting the strict criticism to such antirevolutionary intellectual as the position of Luxun. On the other hand, 《The Superfluous Words[多餘的話]》(1935)written before being executed by the Nationalist Party, he reflected on his role in the revolutionary history of China and confessed frankly his helplessness or limitations. Although he cannot be free from the root of the Gentleman’s class, he lead the Communist Party due to ‘the historical misconception’, but he did only confess that he did his role attributed by the history. Specially, he criticized that he could not be free from the past limit of gentleman’s limit about his identity as a ‘literary person(文人)’, while rather he had such a talent of literary man and from the inner side, he brought the identity conflict between the revolutionary and literary man. This paper traced his mind and inner contradiction of “literary man” who lived as a “revolutionary” like this through the case of Quqiubai. This paper found his merciless “self dissection” to recognize his limit of gentleman class in the case of Quqiubai, and his literature embodies well the “literary sublime” made by this self dissection. The final life sentence of Quqiubai was “This chinse Matou is so delicious. It is the best in the world.”, and from it could not we feel such a noble beauty? It is worth enjoying.