陆九渊“讲明”与“践履”本义辨析

Abstract

Cheng Minzheng once proposed Lu Jiuyuan to compromise, as Zhu Xi did, the efforts of honoring the virtuous nature and cultivating such nature through study by removing disadvantages and collecting advantages, and accept the theory of cultivating virtuous nature through study “in full consistency with the latter.” Therefore, both of the two persons, although with different theories in early age, put the Dao is all one in the late age. Such opinions on the effort theory of Lu Jiuyuan are still effective in nowadays. Some scholars, in the prospective of the development of philosophy history, think that the effort theory of Lu Jiuyuan is so coarse that it is not as good as the theory of Wang Yangming, and his effort theory and the Interpretation of Gewu (to recognize the connotation of things) are generally consistent with those of Zhu Xi. However, all those opinions are misunderstandings for Lu Jiuyuan’s original connotation on Discovery and Practice. Both discovery and practice he referred to are the non‐separate efforts for study. Although the discovery occurs earlier than the practice, which doesn’t mean that discovery can be divorced from the latter. Meanwhile, practice shall be conducted on the basis of discovery because the subjects of the efforts for discovery and practice are not the knowledge that can be externally separated from the psychological activities, instead, they are the “Benxin”. Therefore, the discovery and practice mentioned by Lu Jiuyuan are different from the theory of Zhu Xi on taking actions after recognizing and of remarkable characteristics of psychological science. They are in the skeleton same with that of Wang Yangming’s theory of “integrating recognition with action .”