从西方现代实践哲学视角观王阳明“知行合一”的本质和意义

Abstract

The relationship between “knowledge” and “action” is one of the basic issues that have been widely concerned by philosophers since ancient times. Wang Yangming is no exception. He regards it as an important category of his own learning. There are a lot of discussions about Wang Yangming’s “view of knowledge and action” in the academic world, as well as the research results on Wang Yangming’s practical philosophy, but there are still some unsatisfactory aspects. This paper investigates Wang Yangming’s theory of “the unity of knowledge and action” from the perspective of western modern practical philosophy in order to grasp the internal essence and significance of Wang Yangming’s “the unity of knowledge and action” from the macro perspective. Wang Yangming’s concept of knowing and doing was put forward to solve the problems of “words and deeds are different” and “knowing and doing are disjointed” at that time. The inherent nature of Wang Yangming’s “the unity of knowledge and action” can be summarized as: it is “the unity of inside and outside”, “the unity of knowledge and action”, “the unity of subject and object”, “the unity of body and application”. From the perspective of western modern practical philosophy, Wang Yangming’s theory of “the unity of knowledge and action” already had similar western modern practical philosophy thinking in the Ming dynasty. It possesses “freedom” component of modern pursuit and the wisdom of effectively coping with the fourth industrial revolution.