전후 <애국독본>의 헤게모니 전략과 문화정치

Abstract

This paper analyzes the composition and contents of <Patriot textbooks> published after the Korean War. It is also a study on the hegemony strategy of patriotic education textbooks in secondary schools. <Patriot textbooks>, which published by the Korea Education & Culture Associationis, is divided into secondary and high school. In the process of rebuilding the postwar society, ‘patriotic education’ became a means of conveying national ideology. <Patriot textbooks- secondary> and <Patriot textbooks-high school> analyzed in this paper are not just a textbook. It is an ideological device that makes an individual a ‘patriotic being’. As a result of analyzing the literature, there are two reasons why <Patriot textbooks> could function as an ideological device. first, <Patriot textbooks> was divided according to school level. second, <Patriot textbooks> were widespread in school. At the core of post-war policy measures is the establishment of a national view based on liberal democratic ideology and the promotion of patriotism. The specific hegemony device which realizes this measure in the field is <Patriot textbooks>. There are two reasons for this. First, learners are nurtured as subjects of social reconstruction based on the Cold War ideology. Patriotic discourse in the Cold War recognizes Japanese imperialism and North Korean communism as the other. This creates a ‘dominant reading experience’ that allows the dominant ideology to be accepted without any objection. Second, based on the government's ideology, it trains learners as victims. Historical biographical narratives and editorial texts contained in the <Patriot textbooks> make learners the subjects of ‘dedication’ and ‘sacrifice’ to post-war social reconstruction. This creates a ‘compromising reading experience’ that has lost resistive reading. <Patriot textbooks> is an ideological state apparatus. In other words, it is a hegemony strategy to make ‘the subject of patriotism’ conform to the ruling ideology. This is not a pure educational activity but a means of thorough cultural device.