근대 조선인의 만주 기행문 생성 공간 - 1920-1930년대를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This paper aims to study on the way of perceiving and exchanging cultures in Korean travelogues of Manchuria written in 1920's and 1930's. Manchuria had been the base of lives set up by Korean immigrants and the place for independence movement, so for Korean, travel to Manchuria was more than just travel because it was related with their nation's existence. The ‘cultures’ experienced by them through travel were the mixture of traditional and modern values or the problem of personal and national existence. The Korean travelogues of Manchuria were some kind of report for news papers and magazines, so it arouse readers interests and make them have motive to experience Manchuria promoting the discourse of Manchuria. Also, the travelogues were functioning as a media to exchange cultures of Manchuria and Korea each other. Among many travelogues mainly covering about exotic scenery, Manchuria's modernization, Korean immigrants' lives in Manchuria, this paper focuses on several scenery to catch some features of Manchu culture mixed with various ethnic groups and showing political situation at that time. First, this paper considers museum and exposition as the media to convey Manchuguo(滿洲國, 1932～1945)'s cultural values imposed by Japanese government to travelers. And then it moves to the perspective to the cemetery of foreigners and explains that the descriptions of cemetery show hidden side of co-existence of Manchu cultures organized by imperialistic mechanism. Expecially, this paper pays attention to the traditional way of exchanging cultures through conversation by writing using Chinese characters and composing Chinese classical poetry, Hanshi(漢詩). For example, Korean travelers shared their thoughts about international situation with Chinese soldier, realized the development of Chinese woman or felt a sense of closeness with children by writing using Chinese characters. And some traveler who went to Manchuria to see Korean immigrants' lives and find the way of improving their situation and his nation associated with people in Manchuria exchanging Chinese poetry. Therefore it proves that Chinese characters were still useful means of exchanging cultures despite of modernization and the atmosphere of concentrating mother tongue. Traditional writing style was one of important feature of Korean travelogues of Manchuria in modern times, especially before 1930's.