조선시대 단청의 연화머리초 연구 - 명·청대 선자채화(旋子彩畫)와의 비교를 중심으로

Abstract

‘Dancheong(丹靑)’ refers to the multicolored paintwork on the traditional wooden buildings. And ‘Yeonhwa-Meoricho(lotus flower compositeness pattern)’ is the most widely used ‘Meoricho’ in Dancheong during the Joseon Dynasty, regardless of the type of architecture. The central pattern of ‘Yeonhwa-Meoricho’ is basically composed of ‘Lotus Flower’ and ‘Pomegranate Pattern(石榴紋)’, with ‘Gopengyi(Spiral Pattern)’ that surrounds it. It has been continuously passed down from the early Joseon Dynasty to the middle and late Joseon Dynasty, and recognized as a symbol of Korean Dancheong. However, in the early remains of Seonja-Chaehwa(旋子彩畫, Tangent Circle Pattern), one of the representative styles of Dancheong in the Ming and Qing dynasties of China, we can also see a Meoricho using ‘Lotus Flower’, ‘Pomegranate Pattern’ and ‘Gopengyi’ as the central pattern. And in the overall form, such as composition and color, similarity with Yeonhwa-Meoricho in the early Joseon Dynasty is also found. Therefore, in this study, I would like to examine the appearance and development process of Yeonhwa-Meoricho during the Joseon Dynasty and the changes of Seonja-Chaehwa in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and then consider the characteristics of Yeonhwa-Meoricho based on a specific comparison with Seonja-Chaehwa. As a result of this study, Yeonhwa-Meoricho, which was developed while maintaining the basic combination of ‘Lotus Flower’, ‘Pomegranate Pattern’ and ‘Gopengyi’ accepted in the Seonja-Chaehwa of the Ming dynasties, has gradually changed to the new composition since the middle of the Joseon Dynasty. In addition, in the late Joseon Dynasty, the independent form of Yeonhwa-Meoricho was completed. On the other hand, as new combinations and various changes using detailed decorative patterns were created, the composition of Yeonhwa-Meoricho became more complicated and colorful. This is a big difference from the continuous simplification and schematicization of Seonja-Chaehwa from the late Ming Dynasty and the progress of standardization in the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, it was confirmed that ‘Yeonhwa-Meoricho’ of the Joseon Dynasty was completed as a "representative style that symbolizes Dancheong in Joseon" in the late Joseon Dynasty by securing its distinctiveness from Seonja- Chaehwa of the Qing Dynasty in the type of patterns, arrangement method, use of curves, color, and detailed decoration.