영유아 자기조절력 측정도구의 타당화
Validation of self-regulation scale for infants and young children
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초록
본 연구는 0-6세 영유아의 자기조절력을 측정할 수 있는 도구를 개발하여 신뢰도 및 타당도를 검증하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 지역 및 연령을 기준으로 전국에서 총 2,595명의 영유아를 표집하였다. 연구결과, 영유아 자기조절력을 구성하는 요인으로서 자기감정 인지, 타인감정 인지, 감정억제, 감정대처, 자기의도 인지, 행동계획 및 모니터링 등 6개 요인이 추출되었다. 연령별로 0세는 3요인 30문항, 1세는 3요인 33문항, 2세는 5요인 39문항, 3세는 5요인 61문항, 4세는 5요인 58문항, 5세는 5요인 56문항, 6세는 5요인 52문항이 추출되었다. 영유아 자기조절력 측정도구의 신뢰도는 .90-.99의 범위 안에 있었으며, 확인적 요인분석 결과, 모든 연령의 모델 부합도 지수가 권장 부합도 기준을 충족시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 도구는 영유아의 자기조절력을 측정하기 위한 도구로서 신뢰도와 타당도가 적합한 것으로 확인되었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a self-regulation scale for infants and young children of ages between 0 and 6. To do so, 2,595 infants and young children were selected nationwide. The results revealed six factors that were composed of young children’s self-regulation ability. Those factors were: 1) recognition of one’s own emotions; 2) recognition of others’ emotions; 3) inhibition of emotions; 4) emotional coping; 5) recognition of his/her own intentions; and 6) behavior planning and monitoring. First, in terms of different age groups, the study extracted 30 items and 3 factors for the age of 0 and 33 items and 3 factors for the age of 1. Next, there were 39 items and 5 factors for the age of 2 and 61 items and 5 factors for the age of 3. Then, there were 58 items and 5 factors for the age of 4 and 56 items and 5 factors for the age of 5. Finally, there were 52 items and 5 factors for the age of 6, respectively. The scale’s reliability ranged from .90 to .99. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the model fit indices of all the age groups satisfied the recommended level of fitness. In conclusion, the scale developed in this study was found to be valid and reliable to measure the self-regulation ability of infants and young children.
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