유아기 정서능력 검사도구 개발 및 타당화 연구
Development and Validation of Young Children’s Emotional Competence Test
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본 연구는 교사 평정용 유아 정서능력 척도 개발 중심에서 벗어나 직접 유아를 대상으로 한 유아 정서능력 검사도구를 개발하고 그 타당성을 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 대상은 충청남도 내 6개유치원에 재원 중인 만 5세 유아 303명이었으며, 수집된 자료는 문항 양호도, 신뢰도, 구인 타당화 과정을 거쳐 검사도구의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하였다. 유아 정서능력 검사도구의 타당성 검증을 위해탐색적 요인 분석을 실시한 결과, 긍정적 자아인식, 정서 이해, 타인정서 인식, 조망수용, 정서 표현, 타인에 대한 관심, 만족지연, 정서적 갈등해결의 8개 요인으로 추출되었으며, 8개 영역에 대한 Cronbach α는 .71로 비교적 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개발된 본 검사도구와 이병래(1997)가 개발한 유아 정서지능 검사 간 .40에서 .47의 상관을 보여 구인이 타당한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 유아 정서능력 검사도구는 타당도와 신뢰도가 적합한 검사도구라 볼 수 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the test measuring children s emotional competence by children themselves, not by teachers, and to examine its validity and reliability. The subjects of this study were 303 5 year-old-kindergarteners, selected from 6 kindergartens located in Chongnam province. Suggested test was verified through reliability test, factor analysis, and Pearson s correlations. The study showed that there were eight factors in children s emotional competence: positive self awareness, emotion understanding, emotional awareness of others, empathy, emotional expression, interest on others, delay of gratification and resolution of emotional conflict. Cronbach s alpha on these eight factors was .71, and it showed the suggested test was reliable. Construct validity of the test was also verified, considering correlation between Lee(1997) s emotional competence test and the one suggested in this study. Thus, developed young children s emotional competence test had internal consistency and construct validity.
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