포스트휴먼 시대의 새로운 유아들의 놀이와 학습에 대한 탐구 : 디지털 놀이
Exploring emerging play and learning of young children in the posthuman age: Digital play
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4차 산업혁명과 디지털 대전환의 시대를 맞이하여 현대 유아들은 현실세계와 가상현실에 대한 구분이 없는 혼합현실(Mixed Reality: MR)인 포스트휴먼 시대를 살아가고 있다. 본 연구는오늘날 새로운 유아들의 놀이인 디지털 놀이를 소개하며 디지털, 인공지능(AI) 기반의 새로운놀이와 학습에 주목하였다. 연구자는 근대 인본주의적 사유의 한계와 함께 유아와 디지털 미디어를 둘러싼 이분법적 접근(인간-비인간, 자연-문화, 디지털-아날로그, 현실-가상현실, 디지털 원주민-디지털 이민자, 교육적-비교육적)을 비판적으로 분석하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구는오늘날 다양하고 유동적이며 융합적인 유아들의 놀이와 배움을 이해하기 위해 인간과 비인간의 관계성을 강조하는 포스트휴머니즘 관점이 필요함을 주장하며 국내외 문헌들을 통해 포스트휴먼적 디지털 놀이의 개념과 특징을 탐색하였다. 이러한 시도는 최근 전 세계적으로 주목받고 있는 포스트휴머니즘 사유를 통해 그 동안 우리가 인식하지 못했던 유아 디지털 놀이 속 인간과 비인간 행위자들의 새로운 관계성과 교육적 가능성을 탐색하였다는 점에서 의미가 있을것이다.
Abstract
In the posthuman age, young children are faced with a mixed reality tangled up in real and virtual reality. This study focused on young children’s emerging play and learning, which are based on digital and artificial intelligence (AI) by exploring the concept of digital play. The researcher critically analyzed the dichotomous approach around young children and digital media (human-nonhuman, natural-culture, digitalanalog, real world-virtual world, digital natives-digital immigrants, and educationalnon educational) based on humanistic perspectives. This study argued that posthuman interpretations are needed to understand young children’s various, complicated, and sometimes unpredictable play and learning with/around/through digital media. The posthuman perspectives able us to understand complex, fluid, and hybrid networks with human and nonhuman actors around digital play. Thus, this study explored the concept of posthuman digital play and various posthuman features of digital play, such as ⒜ attractive agentic actors, and digital media, ⒝ playful learnings across boundaries of digital and analog spaces, ⒞ diverse and multi-layered posthuman languages, and ⒟ becoming children as social and economic actors with dynamic intra-actions through play. This study will provide an opportunity to understand young children’s digital play as intra-actions with human and nonhuman actors and to explore educational possibilities in the posthuman age.
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