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교양수업에서 대학생 성취행동에 대한 기대와 가치, 비용의 역할

The Role of Expectancy, Value, and Cost for Achievement Behavior in College Students' Liberal Arts Class

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주제분류교육학

초록

이 연구에서는 교양수업에서 대학생들의 성취행동을 이해하고자 기대-가치-비용 접근에 기초하여 노력지속과 지연행동, 결석에 대한 기대와 가치, 비용의 역할을 검증하였다. 이 연구에는 492명의 대학생이 참여하였으며, 두 차례의 설문을 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 학기 초에는 교양수업에 대한 기대와 가치, 비용에 관한 설문을 실시하였으며, 학기 말에는 노력지속과 지연행동에 관한 설문을 실시하였다. 결석횟수는 교수자로부터 자료를 받아 성취행동의 객관적 행동지표로 활용하였다. 확인적 요인 분석(Confirmatory Factor Analysis) 결과, 기대와 가치, 비용의 3요인 구조를 지지하였다. 기대와 가치는 정적 상관을 보이고 기대와 비용 그리고 가치와 비용은 부적 상관을 보였다. 구조방정식(Structural Equation Model) 분석 결과, 연구모형은 자료에 적합하였다. 가치는 노력지속을 정적으로, 결석을 부적으로 예측하였지만 지연행동을 유의하게 예측하지는 못 하였다. 비용은 지연행동을 정적으로, 결석은 부적으로 예측하였으며, 노력지속은 유의하게 예측하지 못 하였다. 마지막으로 기대는 노력지속과 지연행동, 결석을 모두 유의하게 예측하지 못 하였다. 이 연구는 현재 쟁점이 되고 있는 기대와 가치, 비용 간의 관계를 검증하고 비용의 독립적이면서도 양면적인 역할을 확인하였다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 특히, 아직 대학생을 대상으로 비용의 역할을 검증한 국내연구가 없으며, 성취행동의 객관적인 지표로서 결석횟수에 대한 기대와 가치, 비용의 역할을 살펴보았다는 점에 이 연구의 이론적 의의를 살펴볼 수 있다. 마지막으로 교양수업에서 대학생들의 성취행동을 보다 명확히 이해하기 위해서는 학생들이 지각하는 기대나 가치 수준뿐만 아니라 비용의 측면을 함께 고려할 필요가 있다는 점에서 교육적 시사점을 제시할 수 있다.

Abstract

This study attempted to understand the achievement behavior of college students through expectancy, value, and cost based on the expectation-value-cost approach. To this end, the relational structure between expectancy, value, and cost was first examined, and the role of expectancy, value, and cost for effort persistency, procrastination, and number of absences in liberal arts classes was verified. 492 university students participated in this study, and data were collected through two-time questionnaires. At the beginning of the semester, a questionnaire was conducted on expectancy, value, and cost for liberal arts classes, and at the end of the semester, a questionnaire was conducted on effort persistency and procrastination. The number of absences was used as an objective behavioral indicator of achievement behavior by receiving data from instructors. First, as a result of confirmatory factor analysis, the three-factor structure of expectancy, value, and cost was supported. Expectancy and value showed a positive correlation, and expectancy and cost, and value and cost showed a negative correlation. The research model fits the data. Value predicted effort consistency positively and absence negatively. Value did not significantly predict procrastination. Cost predicted procrastination positively and absence negatively. Cost did not significantly predict effort persistency. Lastly, Expectancy did not significantly predict all effort persistency, procrastination, and absence. This study is meaningful in that it verifies the relationships between expectancy, value, and cost, which are currently at issue, and ascertains the independent and ambivalent role of cost. In particular, the theoretical significance of this study can be examined in that there is not yet a domestic study that has verified the role of cost for college students, and the role of the expectancy, value, and cost for the number of absences has been examined as an objective indicator of achievement behavior. Finally, educational implications were suggested that not only promote expectancy and values for students' achievement behavior, but also the need to consider the aspect of cost perceived by students.

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