개항장 경찰의 근대성에 관한 연구

Abstract

As everyone knows, the idea or term of ‘modern’ has been appeared in the process that the experience of the history of Europe has been generalized into the other countries. From the perspective of this points, ‘the Open Port’ was the center of the trades between the premodern Joseon Dynasty and the modern great powers of Europe, and especially the first places that it had been incoming the new modern thoughts, cultures, and institutions. Therefore the starting points of Korean modern police are the Open Port Police that was established in Busan(et al.) after the Open-Door in 1876 and by the Settlement Treaties. The first modern police in Japan was instituted in the Open Port city of Yokohama around the Meiji Restoration in 1868 also. But the Open Port Police have some limits when we consider the features of it needed to be the modern police. Because the Open Port Police was the first stages in the development of the modern police, so the problems are reasonable, of course. Nothing but, to recognize the modernity of modern police, and to approach systematically of it, it is important to know clearly the limits or circumscriptions. To recognize the police modernity first, I discussed the modernity inherent in the idea of police in itself from the points of the Europe modern police and Japan modern police. And examined the definite symbol of police modernity, that is, institutional modernity and ideological modernity. Next, looked into the backgrounds of the arrangement of modern police officers and establishment of modern police offices, and the main roles of the modern police in the Open Port Gamriseo(Superintendent Office). In addition to, I tried to examine closely the limits inherent to the police modernity of the Open Port. For this, first, examined the identities of the Open Port Police how coincide with so called ‘the concept of the formal police’. And as the more specific contents, examined the problems of specializations and independences from the official regulations and the finances. Finally, examined the role limits in the situations that extraterritoriality are permitted largely in the Open Port at that time.