한국경찰의 ‘근대성(近代性)’에 관한 연구
A Study on the 'Modernity' of Korean Police
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이 글에서는 조선시대(포도청), 개항장, 갑오개혁, 대한제국, 일제시대, 미군정시대에 이르는 과정에서 한국경찰의 ‘근대성’(近代性)이 어떻게 형성·발전되었는가를 살펴보고자 한다. 보편적인 관점에서 경찰근대성을 접근하는 방법은 논점에 따라서 상이하지만, 여기에서는 제도적·이념적 요소를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 제도적·이념적 접근은 서구 근대경찰의 산물이라 할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 경찰근대성이 한국이 처한 당시의 특수한 상황을 설명해줄 수는 없기 때문에, 이를 보완하기 위해 내재적 경찰근대성과 종속적 경찰근대성을 또 하나의 분석기준으로 설정하여 접근하고자 하였다.
Abstract
A Study on the ‘Modernity ’ of Korean PoliceChoi, Sun WoThis study aimed at the consideration of ‘Modernity ’ in the Korean Police(during the era of Kap-o Reform, Korean Empire, Japanese Colonial State, and U.S Military Government. and partially it contains the Chosun Dynasty ’s Po-do-chung).It is different in respective perspectives to deduce general approach about ‘Police Modernity ’, but in this study, I would focus on two points. One is Institutional police modernity. the other is Ideological police modernity. Institutional modernity means(quoted Bayley ’s views) public, specialized, and professionalized police. Ideological modernity means democracy. democracy is based on the principle that personal freedom is essential to a society. However this approach is not applied exactly in Korean police modernity. Because it fair to notice about Korean ’s historical characteristics in the era. So I would try to apply another methods. That is, the autogenous, inherent police modernity and the heteronomous, subordinate police modernity.From the Kap-o Reform ’s police to the U.S Military Government ’ police, Korean police has changed not inherently but subordinately. And because of this causes, the process of Korean police ’ modernity has wraped (in addition, it has retrogressed) in partially. But in