경찰정당성과 경찰물리력 관계성 연구: 법준수 의무감 매개효과를 중심으로
A Study on the Relationship between Police Legitimacy and Police use of Force: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of the Obligation to Comply with the law
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이 연구는 두 가지를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 설계되었다. 첫 번째는 시민의 경찰정당성과 경찰물리력 수용 인식의 관계를 검증하는 것이 목적이며., 두 번째는 경찰정당성과 경찰물리력의 관계에서의 법준수 의무감의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구목적의 달성을 위해 서울시 시민들 539명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이후 SPSS 27.0 프로그램과 Macro Process Model 4.2의 Model 4 분석방법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 시민의 경찰정당성 인식의 증가는 시민의 경찰물리력 행사의 정당성 인식의 증가로 이어짐을 확인했다. 구체적으로 다차원 경찰정당성, 절차적 공정성, 경찰효과성, 분배적 공정성, 합법성 모두 경찰물리력 행사의 정당성 인식에 유의미한 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 다만 법준수 의무감의 매개효과는 다차원 경찰정당성 하위요인 중 하나에서만 확인할 수 있었다. 연구 결과를 토대로 경찰정당성 인식과 경찰물리력 인식을 제고할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study was designed to verify two things. The first is to verify the relationship between citizens' perception of police legitimacy and acceptance of police use of force. The second is to verify the mediating effect of the sense of obligation to comply with the law in the relationship between police legitimacy and police use of force. To achieve the research objectives, an online survey was conducted on 539 Seoul citizens. After that, the analysis was performed using the SPSS 27.0 program and the Model 4 analysis method of the Macro Process Model 4.2. As a result, it was confirmed that the increase in citizens' perception of police legitimacy leads to an increase in citizens' perception of the legitimacy of exercising police physical power. Specifically, multidimensional police legitimacy, procedural fairness, police effectiveness, distributive fairness, and legality all had a significant and positive effect on the recognition of the legitimacy of the exercise of police physical power. However, the mediating effect of the sense of legal compliance obligation could be confirmed only in one of the sub-factors of multidimensional police legitimacy. Based on the research results, a plan to raise the awareness of police legitimacy and police physical power was suggested.
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