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재량의 이론과 관점 및 재량의 실제

Discussion on the Theory and Perspective of Discretion and Its Practice

황광선
한국조직학회 (Korean Association for Organizational Studies)|2023.12|한국조직학회보 (Korean Review of Organizational Studies)|제20권 제3호|pp. 39-76|DOI 10.21484/kros.2023.20.3.39

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참고문헌

키워드

조직적극행정organization재량통제controlaccountability책무공공관리discretionpublic managementproactive administration

초록

본 연구는 그간의 학문 논의를 고찰하여 재량을 둘러싼 속성을 통찰해 보기 위한 목적을 갖는다. 연구목적 달성을 위해 본 논고는 첫째, 여러 이론과 관점을 다양한 학술적 논의에서 끌어와 검토하여 재량의 속성을 다각적으로 살펴본다. 둘째, 재량이 부여되는 배경과 책무의 조건을 논의하고 셋째, 재량과 책무의 관계를 균형의 관점에서검토한다. 문헌 검토에 따른 주요 연구 결과와 시사점을 종합하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재량과 관련된 속성과 쟁점이 정치학, 조직학, 경영학, 사회심리학 등 이론에 따라, 그리고 법적, 정치적, 사회적, 경제적 관점 등 학문적 풍토에 따라 차이가 있음을 볼수 있었다. 여러 관점의 중요성을 논의하였고, 재량-통제 흐름에서 재량-창의 흐름으로의 진화를 살폈다. 둘째, 조직에서 재량은 대체로 전문성이 강하게 표출되는 분야, 다양한 상황이 연출되는 현장에서 부여된다. 재량이 부여되는 배경에서 필요한조건은 책무를 만족시키는 것이다. 본 연구로 재량에 대한 공공관리 지식과 적극행정에 대한 실천적 논의를 발전시켜 갈 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Abstract

This study aims, first, to improve understanding of discretion by examining various theories and perspectives from various academic discussions; second, to examine the background and conditions of accountability under which discretion is granted; and third, to discuss the balance between discretion and accountability. The three explorations ultimately aim to better understand discretion. The main research results and implications based on the literature review are summarized as follows. First, it was seen that there are differences in perception of issues related to discretion depending on theories such as political science, organizational studies, management, and social psychology, and depending on the academic climate such as legal, political, social, and economic perspectives. Second, in organizations, discretion is generally granted in fields where expertise is strongly expressed, sites where various situations occur, critical sites such as disaster situations, and backgrounds that require the efficiency of delegation. The necessary condition against which these discretions are granted is the satisfaction of accountability.

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