효과적인 재량권 관리의 모색: 규제기관과 재분배기관의 일선관료들을 중심으로
Searching for the Effective Management of Discretion: Focused on ‘Street-level Bureaucrats’ in Regulatory and Redistributive Policy Areas
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일선관료의 재량권 확대는 남용 나아가 관료부패로도 이어질 수 있기에 이에 대한 주의 깊은관리가 필요하다. 그러나 재량권 남용을 막기 위해 그들의 재량권에 대하여 지나친 통제를가하거나 그들로 하여금 정책내용에 엄격하게 순응케 하는 것은 집행현장에서의 바람직하고유연한 정책집행을 방해하게 된다. 즉 일선관료에게 무한정 재량권을 부여할 수도 없고 이를엄격히 통제할 수도 없는 매우 난해한 딜레마 (dilemma)에 봉착하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 일선관료 (street-level bureaucrats)의 재량권에 관한 선진국의 다양한 연구 성과를 기반으로,적정수준의 재량권 관리방안에 대하여 모색한다. 이를 위해 먼저 재량권 확대와 제약으로 인해 나타나는 각각의 문제 상황들 - 기본적으로 일선관료의 재량권 남용과 경직화 - 을 제시하고 이들 두 문제 상황들에 대한 해결책을 각각 제시한다. 아울러 본 논의를 위해 일선관료의 재량권 사용과 관련하여 가장 빈번히 거론되는 정책분야인 규제영역과 재분배영역으로 나누어 논의한다.
Abstract
It is necessary to carefully manage the discretionary power of ‘street-level bureaucrats’ because it can result in corrupted government officials. However,to control the discretion of street-level bureaucrats too much can also prevent their flexible policy implementation. That is, it is a dilemma to choose between two alternatives : to excessively control or not to control it. Therefore, this study tries to search for the effective ways of managing discretionary power of street-level bureaucrats. To do so, first this paper illustrates issues caused by expanding discretion and limiting it respectively (i.e., abusive uses of discretion and bureaucratic rigidity). Next, it provides possible solutions to these problematic situations. In addition, this study discusses such issues in regulatory and redistributive policy areas in which the discretionary power of street-level bureaucrats are most frequently mentioned by previous researches.
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