시간 vs. 돈의 유형이 기부의도에 미치는 영향: 사회적 거리의 조절효과를 중심으로
Effects of Time vs. Money on Donation Intention: The Moderating Roles of Social Distance
2
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 시간과 돈의 기부유형이 기부자와 수혜자간 사회적 거리에 따라서 기부의도에 차이가 발생하는지를 추상성 수준에 따른 해석의 일치성 효과라는 보다 일반적인 관점에서 알아보았다. 일반적으로 돈은 시간보다 물질적이고 명확한 가치를 제공하는 구체적인 자원으로 보는 반면, 시간은 돈보다 경험적이고 명확하지 않은 추상적인 자원으로 보았다. 이러한 시간과 돈의 차별적인 특징은 소비자들의 기부행동에 영향을 미치는 주요 동인으로서의 역할을 수행한다. 분석 결과, 기부자와 수혜자간 사회적 거리가 먼 경우에는 돈보다는 시간에서 기부의도가 높게 나타나는 반면, 사회적 거리가 가까운 경우에는 시간보다는 돈에서 기부의도가 높게 나타났다. 또한 시간과 돈의 기부유형에 대한 사회적 거리의 조절효과는 감정변수인 죄책감에 매개되어 기부의도에 영향을 미치는 매개된 조절효과(mediated moderation)가 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 소비자의 기부행동에 토대가 되는 시간과 돈의 두 기부유형을 이해함으로써 수혜자를 심리적으로 가깝게 또는 멀게 지각하는지에 따른 차별적인 기부 촉진 활동이 필요하다는 것을 제시함으로서 실무적인 시사점을 제공한다.
Abstract
This study investigated the interaction effects between donation type(time vs. money) and social distance(close vs. distance) on donation intention according to the congruence effect of the level of abstraction. In general, while money is seen as a concrete resource providing physical and precision value, time is seen as an abstract resource providing experimental and ambiguous value. According to the distinct characteristics of time and money, two resources play a role as a major driver influencing donation behavior. As a result, when the social distance between giver and recipient was distance, time was higher donation intention than money, on the other hand, when the social distance was close, money was higher donation intention than time. In addition, the guilt of emotional variables mediated the moderating role of social distance on donation type of time and money. The practical implication for marketers is that they should promote a differentiated donation message by understanding donation types of time and money, whether the giver understands that the recipient is psychologically close or far.
참고문헌 (53)
- 강철희, "기부노력에 대한 기부동기와 기부대상 인지매체의 상호작용 효과에 관한 연구", 한국사회복지행정학, 11(2), pp.215~254 (2009), 한국사회복지행정학회[DOI]
- 강철희, "사회자본과 나눔 행동의 관계에 관한 연구: 신뢰, 호혜, 규범의 영향력 분석", 사회복지정책, 42(2), pp.1~32 (2015), 한국사회복지정책학회[DOI]
- 김재휘, "공공캠페인 효과 촉진을 위한 SNS 커뮤니케이션 전략 - 해석수준이론의 사회적 거리와 규범적 영향을 통한 설득", 한국광고홍보학보, 14(3), pp.66~91 (2012), 한국광고홍보학회[DOI]
- 김현나, "재능기부 자원봉사의 여가적 의미와 가치 탐색", 한국여가레크리에이션학회지, 38(3), pp.54~65 (2014), 한국여가레크리에이션학회
- 임훈, "온라인 커뮤니티 내 다방향적 의사소통의 영향에 대한 연구: 게시자 전형성의 조절효과를 중심으로", 소비자학연구, 21(4), pp.305~336 (2010), 한국소비자학회
- Aaker, Jennifer L., "If Money Does Not Make You Happy, Consider Time", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 21(2), pp.126~130 (2011)
- Aggarwal, Pankaj, "Role of Relationship Norms in Processing Brand Information", Journal of Consumer Research, 32(3), pp.453~464 (2005)
- Aron, Arthur, "Couples'Shared Participation in Novel and Arousing Activities and Experienced Relationship Quality", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(2), pp.273~284 (2000)
- Aron, Arthur, "Inclusion of Other in the Self Scale and the Structure of Interpersonal Closeness", Journal of Personality and social Psychology, 63(4), pp.596~612 (1992)
- Basil, Debra Z., "Guilt and Giving : A Process Model of Empathy and Efficacy", Psychology & Marketing, 25(1), pp.1~23 (2008)
- Becker, Gary S., "A Theory of the Allocation of Time", Economic Journal, 75(299), pp.493~517 (1965)
- Blum, Alon, "Shame and Guilt, Misconceptions and Controversies : A Critical Review of the Literature", Traumatology, 14(3), pp.91~102 (2008)
- Carstensen, Laura L., "Taking Time Seriously : A Theory of Socioemotional Selectivity", American Psychologist, 54(3), pp.165~181 (1999)
- Chang, Chun T., "Framing Charity Advertising : Influences of Message Framing, Image Valence, and Temporal Framing on a Charitable Appeal", Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39(12), pp.2910~2935 (2009)
- Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, "Applied Multiple Regression", pp.2003, Cohen, Jacob
- Dovidio, John F., "Helping Behavior and Altruism : An Empirical and Conceptual Overview", Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 17, pp.361~427 (1984)
- Giner-Sorolla, Roger, "Guilty Pleasures and Grim Necessities : Affective Attitudes in Dilemmas of Self-Control", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(2), pp.206~221 (2001)
- Goldsmith, Kelly, "When Guilt Begets Pleasure : The Positive Effect of Negative Emotion", Journal of Marketing Research, 49(6), pp.872~881 (2012)
- Grewal, Dhruv, "The Effects of Price-Comparison Advertising on Buyers’ Perceptions of Acquisition Value, Transaction Value, and Behavioral Intentions", Journal of Marketing, 62(2), pp.46~59 (1998)
- Han, DaHee, "Emotions Shape Decisions Through Construal Level : The Case of Guilt and Shame", Journal of Consumer Research, 41(4), pp.1047~1064 (2014)
- Hogg, Michael A., "A Tale of Two Theories : A Critical Comparison of Identity Theory with Social Identity Theory", Social Psychology Quarterly, 58(4), pp.255~269 (1995)
- Kim, Kyeongheui, "Effects of Temporal and Social Distance on Consumer Evaluations", Journal of consumer Research, 35(4), pp.706~713 (2008)
- Kogut, Tehila, "The Singularity Effect of Identified Victims in Separate and Joint Evaluations", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), pp.106~116 (2005)
- Lea, Stephen E. G., "Money as Tool, Money as Drug : The Biological Psychology of a Strong Incentive", Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 29(2), pp.161~209 (2006)
- Leclerc, France, "Waiting Time and Decision Making: Is Time Like Money?", Journal of Consumer Research, 22(1), pp.110~119 (1995)
- Lee, Saerom, "I’m Moral, but I Won’t Help You: The Distinct Roles of Empathy and Justice in Donations", Journal of Consumer Research, 41(3), pp.678~696 (2014)
- Levine, Mark, "Identity and Emergency Intervention : How Social Group Membership and Inclusiveness of Group Boundaries Shape Helping Behavior", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(4), pp.443~453 (2005)
- Liberman, Nira, "Construal Level Theory and Consumer Behavior", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(2), pp.113~117 (2007)
- Lindsey, Lisa. L. M., "Anticipated Guilt as Motivation to Help Unknown Others : An Examination of Empathy as a Moderator", Communication Research, 34(4), pp.468~480 (2007)
- Liu, Wendy, "The Happiness of Giving : The Time-Ask Effect", Journal of Consumer Research, 35(3), pp.543~557 (2008)
- Liviatan, Ido, "Interpersonal Similarity as a Social Distance Dimension : Implications for Perception of Other's Action", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44(5), pp.1256~1269 (2008)
- Loewenstein, George, "Time and Decision : Economic and Psychological Perspectives on Intertemporal Choice" (2003), Russell Sage Foundation
- MacDonnell, Rhiannon, "How Construal of Money versus Time Impact Consumer Charitable Giving", Journal of Consumer Research, 42(4), pp.551~563 (2015)
- Meuter, Matthew L., "Choosing Among Alternative Service Delivery Modes : An Investigation of Customer Trial of Self-Service Technologies", Journal of Marketing, 69(2), pp.61~83 (2005)
- Mogilner, Cassie, "The Pursuit of Happiness : Time, Money, and Social Connection", Psychological Science, 21(9), pp.1348~1354 (2010)
- Mogilner, Cassie, "‘The Time versus Money Effect’ : Shifting Product Attitudes and Decisions through Personal Connection", Journal of Consumer Research, 36(2), pp.277~291 (2009)
- Mohr, Lois A., "The Effects of Corporate Social Performance and Price on Consumer Responses", Journal of Consumer Affairs, 39(1), pp.121~147 (2005)
- Muller, Dominique, "When Moderation is Mediated and Mediation is Moderated", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(6), pp.852~863 (2005)
- Okada, Erica Mina, "Spending Time versus Spending Money", Journal of Consumer Research, 31(2), pp.313~323 (2004)
- Reed, A., "I Don't Want the Money, I Just Want Your Time : How Moral Identity Overcomes the Aversion to Giving Time to Prosocial Causes", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 110(3), pp.435~457 (2016)
- Reed, Americus, "Moral Identity and Judgments of Charitable Behaviors", Journal of Marketing, 71(1), pp.178~193 (2007)
- Sargeant, Adrian, "Perceptual Determinants of Nonprofit Giving Behavior", Journal of Business Research, 59(2), pp.155~165 (2006)
- Small, Deborah A., "The Face of Need : Facial Emotion Expression on Charity Advertisements", Journal of Marketing Research, 46(6), pp.777~787 (2009)
- Soman, Dilip, "The Mental Accounting of Sunk Time Costs : Why Time is not Like Money", Behavioral Decision Making, 14(3), pp.169~185 (2001)
- Tajfel, Henri, "Social Identity and Intergroup Relations" (1982), Cambridge University Press
- Tangney, June P., "Moral Emotions and Moral Behavior", Annual Review of Psychology, 58, pp.345~372 (2007)
- Trope, Yaacov, "Temporal Construal", Psychological Review, 110(3), pp.403~421 (2003)
- Trope, Yaacov, "Construal Level Theory of Psychological Distance", Psychological Review, 117(2), pp.440~463 (2010)
- Trope, Yaacov, "Construal Levels and Psychological Distance : Effects on Representation, Prediction, Evaluation, and Behavior", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(2), pp.83~95 (2007)
- Van Boven, Leaf, "To Do or To Have : That Is the Question", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(6), pp.1193~1202 (2003)
- Vohs, Kathleen D., "The Psychological Consequences of Money", Science, 314(5802), pp.1154~1156 (2006)
- Winterich, Karen P., "Donation Behavior toward In-Groups and Out-Groups : The Role of Gender and Moral Identity", Journal of Consumer Research, 36(2), pp.199~214 (2009)
- Zauberman, Gal, "Resource Slack and Discounting of Future Time versus Money", Journal of Experimental Psychology : General, 134(1), pp.23~37 (2005)
