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상품권 유형과 소비목적이 상품권 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 소비 정당성의 매개된 조절효과를 중심으로

Effects of Gift Card Types and Consumption Goals on Purchase Intention of Gift Cards: Focusing on the mediated moderation Role of Justification of Consumption

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주제분류경영학

초록

소비자는 소비에 있어 시간과 돈을 필수적인 자원으로 여기지만 근본적으로 서로 다른 자원으로 인식한다. 일반적으로 돈은 직접 만질 수 있고 볼 수 있는 실체적인 자원으로 여기는 반면, 시간은 직접 볼 수 없고 만질 수 없는 모호한 자원으로 여긴다. 본 연구에서는 시간과 돈의 심리적 특질을 중심으로 하여 시간기반(time-based) 상품권과 금액기반(money-based) 상품권에 대한 소비자 평가를 살펴보았다. 본 연구가 도출한 주요 가설 검증을 위해 두 번의 실험을 진행하였다. 실험 1은 상품권 유형을 시간/금액기반 상품권으로 구분하여 소비자들이 선호하는 상품권 유형을 조사하였다. 실험 2는 상품권 유형에 따른 소비자의 쾌락적/실용적인 소비목적의 조절효과와 그에 따른 소비 정당성의 매개된 조절효과를 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 실험 1에서는 소비자들은 금액기반 상품권보다 시간기반 상품권에서 더 높은 상품권 구매의도를 보였다. 실험 2는 쾌락적 소비목적에서는 금액기반 상품권보다 시간기반 상품권에서 더 높은 상품권 구매의도를 나타냈다. 반면에, 실용적 소비목적에서는 시간기반 상품권보다 금액기반 상품권에서 더 높은 상품권 구매의도를 예측하였으나 유의하지 않게 나타났다. 또한, 상품권 유형과 소비목적이 상품권 구매의도에 미치는 효과는 소비 정당성에 의해 매개됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 시간과 돈의 특질에 기반한 상품권을 이해함으로써 상품권의 개념을 확장하였을 뿐 아니라 지불수단에 대한 소매상들의 효과적인 전략 수립에 실무적인 지침을 제공한다는 점에 의의가 있다.

Abstract

Time and money are considered essential resources for consumption, but they are fundamentally different resources. Money is a substantive resource that consumers can directly touch and see, while time is regarded as an ambiguous resource they cannot directly touch. This study examined the consumer evaluations of time-based vs. money-based gift cards on the basis of psychological characteristics of time and money. We performed two experiments. Experiment 1 classified gift cards into time/money-based ones and investigated which gift cards consumers prefer more. Experiment 2 examined the moderating effect of consumption goal (hedonic/utilitarian) and the mediated moderating effect of justification of consumption. Our experiment 1 demonstrated that consumers showed a higher purchase intention with time-based gift cards than with money-based gift cards. Experiment 2 showed a higher purchase intention of gift cards with a time-based gift card than a money-based gift card when the consumption goal is hedonic. On the other hand, we predicted a higher purchase intention of money-based gift cards than time-based gift cards when the consumption goal is utilitarian, but there was no statistically significant effect. We also identified that the interaction effect between the type of gift card and consumption goal on the purchase intention of the gift card is mediated by a justification of consumption. This study not only expanded the concept of gift cards by understanding the psychological characteristics of time and money but also provided practical guidance on effective strategies for retailers’ payment methods.

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