토양환경의 보전과 책임

Abstract

Soil Environment Conservation Act was enacted in 1995. As revised 18 times in october 2011 now, it have been supplemented with various institutional strategy. Soil environment is conserved by soil environmental management master plan, the installation and operation of monitoring system, soil environment assessment system, pollution report and inspection, the purification and investigation of contaminated soil, risk assessment and the designation and management of soil conserving measure area under this act. Especially in april 2011 revision, the innovative regulations to complement defective institutions are established or amended. Polluter Pays Principle is supplemented by expanding polluters range. By giving evidential value to the result of soil environment assessment conducted at the time of land transfer, it resolves the responsibility disputes of soil contamination and conducts soil environment assessment autonomically. As a result, the management and the open system of information associated with contaminated sites is established and makes inhabitant's right to know satisfied. In addition to the soil cleanup that a local government enforces, it estimates the risk connected with all type of soil purification including polluters. For the efficient purification and recycling of the soil that is carried out from the contaminated site, it promotes the reuse of soil resources by designating soil management subdivision and prepares reliable provision systems. And aside from these, we say that it is a progressive legislation prepared for the support measures for the damaged resident in soil pollution area. Polluter bears a purification responsibility and a liability of reparation in a soil pollution. About responsibility of soil pollution, there is case to note that polluter doesn't exist or responsible parties can't be responsible by lack of funds. In this case, the local governments that don't have funds can aggravate soil pollution by delaying implementation of purification. Therefore when this occurs, purification is mostly achieved by citizen's tax. In readiness for this, securing finance for cleanup cost is very important. In short, the most effective soil environment conservation is to prevent soil pollution in advance, but pollutions caused by business activity and human activity can't be prevented in reality. Thus, we should place major emphasis on more advanced soil environment conservation policy and soil management.