차용어에 대한 러시아의 언어 순수주의: 포스트소비에트 시기를 중심으로
Linguistic purism on borrowings: in the Post-soviet period
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Attitudes towards loanwords belong to one of the two opposite opinions. The first considers loanwords as a inevitable change of language and a source of it's enrichment. Second type of attitude tends to restrict the intake of foreign words as a source of contamination of national language. This refusal to use loanwords is a form of linguistic purism. Purism is based on the conviction of close historical ties between language and nation, on the glorification of great past and, accordingly, seeks to purify a language from foreign words and all kinds of substandard elements. Purism reaches its apogee under nationalism and totalitarianism. Attitudes towards loanwords in Russia were determined in connection with the problems that Russian society faced in different historical periods. In the 19th century the flow of loanwords caused controversy between Slavophils and Westerners, and during the Soviet period loanwords were sharply criticized for ideological confrontation with the West. And today the use of loanwords is of symbolic significance. Since Russian language is perceived as the main component of national identity, loanwords are condemned as words-invaders, violating the "russianness". Emphasizing the relationship of language with national identity, purists transfer a language issue to the level of ethics and call for the expulsion of loanwords for the sake of protection of the native language. In this respect one can observe historical echoes in the modern puristic metadiscourse.
Abstract
Attitudes towards loanwords belong to one of the two opposite opinions. The first considers loanwords as a inevitable change of language and a source of it's enrichment. Second type of attitude tends to restrict the intake of foreign words as a source of contamination of national language. This refusal to use loanwords is a form of linguistic purism. Purism is based on the conviction of close historical ties between language and nation, on the glorification of great past and, accordingly, seeks to purify a language from foreign words and all kinds of substandard elements. Purism reaches its apogee under nationalism and totalitarianism. Attitudes towards loanwords in Russia were determined in connection with the problems that Russian society faced in different historical periods. In the 19th century the flow of loanwords caused controversy between Slavophils and Westerners, and during the Soviet period loanwords were sharply criticized for ideological confrontation with the West. And today the use of loanwords is of symbolic significance. Since Russian language is perceived as the main component of national identity, loanwords are condemned as words-invaders, violating the "russianness". Emphasizing the relationship of language with national identity, purists transfer a language issue to the level of ethics and call for the expulsion of loanwords for the sake of protection of the native language. In this respect one can observe historical echoes in the modern puristic metadiscourse.
참고문헌 (38)
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