15~16C 前半 全州圈 士族社會의 形成과 活動

Abstract

It has been Jeonju that has played a central role in Jeolla-do since the names of the administrative districts in Korea were decided. Jeonju,nevertheless, has been disregarded for a long time when it comes to dealing with the history and culture in Jeolla-do. Several reasons explaining this trend have been suggested, one of which is considered primary or fundamental. It is said that this phenomenon attributes to the lack of data research and collection resulting from the local historians’ lack of interest. The present study attempts to investigate the influential families who formed the Jeonju Area centering Jeonju and then led this region in the era of Joseon Dynasty. This study,however, will confine its range only to the early Joseon, until 16th century, to take a closer look at this phenomenon. In the first part of the chapter 2, at first, it was looked into whether three families, Jeonju Choi, Jeonju Yi, and Jeonju You, played active roles as influential families in the early period of the Jeonju Area. These three families,who had already taken office at the end of Goryu, the dynasty ahead of Joseon,continued coming into office during early Joseon, though Moongwa, the national civil service examination, or Eumsa, depending upon the degree of the ancestors’ achievement in establishing the new dynasty without taking the examination. They started belonging to Hoongoo, radical and revolutionary political party, even though there were more or less time differences in holding office. It has been evidenced that these families made efforts to maintain this era of prosperity and hold a dominant position over other families in the Jeonju Area through marriage within these families. In the second part, it was investigated whether the scholars such as Choi Dukji, Kim Jongjik, and Jeong Geukin contributed the diffusion or the spread of Seongri-hak, one of the theories based on Confucianism studying human nature and natural laws, in the mid-fifteenth century. Jeonju Choi family obtained an opportunity to change its color from Hoongoo into Sarim, moderate political party, owing to Choi Dukji’s educating local people and his descendants’ efforts to form a relationship with important figures in Sarim. Kim Jongjik, meanwhile, developed meaningful programs to spread the values based on Seongri-hak and boost the academic tradition while he was working as a Gwanchal-sa, provinicial governor, in Jeolla-do for around one year. Jeong Geukin also made a great contribution in stirring up academic atmosphere in the Jeonju Area by leading an educational movement based on Seonri-hak by establishing Gohyundongyak and implementing Hyangeumjoorye. He achieved remarkable educational results by running hakdong, village school, and setting strict school regulations. This section also includes a table showing the range of Sarim, which analyzed Eupjiryu (geography book based on Eup), Silrok (authentic record), and Jokbo (genealogy). It was found out that new families, take Jeoneui Yi, Jinju So,Moonhwa You, and Dogang Kim, moving to the Jeonju Area during the period between late Goryu and early Joseon took control and led the society of influential local families, which was not that different from other regions in this period. In the first part of the chapter 3, it was examined whether the influential families in the Jeonju Area entered the political world in 16th century based on economic bases, marital relationship between these families, and educating local people. Jeolla-do possessed the most farmland, available for farming and it was a noticeable in that the increase of this farmland in this period was triggered by the reclamation work led by the government in the early Joseon. Furthermore, it was proved that this area was abundant with opportunities for stable economic condition in terms of high rate of paddy field compared to other provinces. At last, some scholars’ holding office and its effects on the spread of Sarim between fifteenth and sixteen century were investigated. They were Yi Gyemaeng, So Seyang, and Song Sehyung. Yi Gyemaeng, above all,was punished by flogging and exiled to Younggwang when Muosahwa, a war between two conflicting political parties resulting in execution, banishment, or dismissal, in Yeonsan-gun period since he studied under Kim Jongjik. However,he was released soon because he held on to his moderate political position. Furthermore, he was put on the list of the year, Gimyorok as he struggled to save those who were imprisoned due to Gimyosahwa, another political conflict. Then, Song Seyang mentioned the restoration of Soreung in public as a topic of revolution of Sarim, which eventually caused the restoration. At last, even though Jo Gwangjo’s reappointment, an important topic of Sarim Politics, was raised by Kim Inhu, it was Song Sehyung who deepened the topic by emphasizing the loyalty to the king and Jo Gwangjo’s greatness. These people not only contributed the spread of Sarim but also affected the boost of the morale of the followers from Jeonju Area. In conclusion, the society of influential local families was gradually turned into Sarim families, which was caused by their active involvement in educating and enlightening local people based on Seongri-hak between fifteenth and early sixteenth century. This movement led the members of these families to higher position in government such as Jwachanseong or Yijopanseo th rough the national civil service examination until early 16thcentury. Moreover, it was found out that active participation in politics made by Sarim from the Jeonju Area played acrucial role inspreading Sarim Jeongchi, governing led by Sarim.