본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

총설: 아동 성학대 피해의 폭로에 관한 고찰: 문헌 연구를 중심으로

A Study on the Characteristics of Children’s Sexual Abuse Disclosure: Focused on Literature Review

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

아동 성학대는 한 개인의 입장에서는 매우 두드러지고 치명적인 사건임에도 불구하고 신체상해 등 물적인 증거가 존재하지 않거나, 목격자 없이 숨겨진 가해자만 존재하는 경우들이 많아 수사가 쉽지 않다. 따라서 사건 수사의 원활함 뿐 아니라, 피해 아동에 대한 적절한 중재와 개입, 치료를 위해서도 아동이 피해 사실을 신뢰로운 수준에서 가능한 빠른 시일 내에 폭로하는 것이 필요하다. 그러나 성학대 피해 사실을 누군가에게 알리는 것이 쉽지 않고 특히 아동의 경우는 인지 및정서 발달의 한계로 인해 의사 전달의 한계가 명백히 존재한다. 이와 같은 맥락에서 수사면담자는성학대 피해가 발생했을 때, 아동이 최초로 누구에게 폭로할 가능성이 높은지, 폭로를 최초로 접한사람은 어떤 반응을 보여야 하는 지, 아동이 끝내 폭로하지 않는다면 그 이유는 무엇인가에 대해정확하게 인지할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내외 선행 연구들의 고찰을 통해 폭로의 개념과특성, 폭로에 영향을 미치는 요인과 관련된 특성들을 정리하고 나아가 수사면담자, 법조계 전문가, 정책입안자들이 학대 피해에 대한 아동의 폭로가 수월할 수 있도록 어떤 노력이 필요한 가에 대해서 제언하고자 하였다.

Abstract

Despite the fact that sexual abuse of children is a salient and traumatic incident for an individual, investigation is often challenged due to a lack of physical evidence, such as bodily injury, and lack of eyewitnesses with only hidden perpetrators existing. Therefore, to not only facilitate investigation but also provide appropriate intervention and treatment, it is highly imperative that the abused child discloses of the incident in a reliable manner as soon as possible. However, it is not easy to alert someone of one’s own sexual abuse incident, particularly so for children. In this context, the investigative interviewer must be well aware of the person to whom the sexually abused child would first disclose of the incident, how that person should respond, and if the child never discloses of the incident, why the child does so. Hence, based on a thorough review of relevant literature, this study aimed to examine the concept and features of disclosure and factors that affect disclosure and relevant features so as to discuss the type of effort needed by policy makers, policy enforcers, and legal experts to make it easier for children to disclose of their abuse.

참고문헌 (103)

  1. 신기숙, "성폭력 피해아동의 피해경험", 한국심리학회지:일반, 30(4), pp.1255~1287 (2011), 한국심리학회
  2. 류여해, "교정시설에서의 성범죄자 재범방지 프로그램에 관한 연구", 교정연구, 47, pp.145~172 (2010), 한국교정학회
  3. E Monck, "Evaluating therapeutic intervention with sexually abused children", Child Abuse Rev, 6(3), pp.163~177 (1997)
  4. J Reeker, "A metaanalytic investigation of group treatment outcomes for sexually abused children", Child Abuse Negl, 21(7), pp.669~680 (1997)
  5. TE Frothingham, "Follow up study eight years after diagnosis of sexual abuse", Arch Dis Child, 83(2), pp.132~134 (2000)
  6. 성도경, "아동성폭력범죄 예방방안에 관한 연구", 한국정책과학학회보, 16(2), pp.239~268 (2012), 한국정책과학학회[DOI]
  7. 아동 성학대의 실태 및 대책, "강은영", 형사정책연구원, ~ (2000)
  8. J Bays, "Medical diagnosis of the sexually abused child", Child Abuse Negl, 17(1), pp.91~110 (1993)
  9. CL Ruby, "The usefulness of the criteria-based content analysis technique in distinguishing between truthful and fabricated allegations : A critical review", Psychol Public Policy Law, 3(4), pp.705~737 (1997)
  10. 최지영, "성학대 피해 발고지연의 예측 요인과 발고지연이 성학대 피해 아동의 심리적 적응에 미치는 영향", 보건사회연구, 35(4), pp.491~512 (2015), 한국보건사회연구원[DOI]
  11. ME Pipe, "Child sexual abuse: Disclosure, delay, and denial", pp.3~10 (2007), Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers
  12. JA Quas, "Childhood sexual assault victims : Long-term outcomes after testifying in criminal court", Monogr Soc Res Child Dev, 70(2), pp.1~139 (2005)
  13. K Kuehnle, "The Evaluation of Child Sexual Abuse Allegations: A Comprehensive Guide to Assessment and Testimony" (2009), Joe Wiley and Sons
  14. R Alaggia, "Many ways of telling: expanding conceptualizations of child sexual abuse disclosure", Child Abuse Negl, 28(11), pp.1213~1227 (2004)
  15. F Lindblad, "Child Sexual Abuse: Disclosure, Delay, and Denial", pp.291~301 (2007), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
  16. E Jonzon, "Disclosure, reactions and social support: findings from a sample of adult victims of child sexual abuse", Child Maltreat, 9(2), pp.190~200 (2004)
  17. S Kogan, "The role of disclosing child sexual abuse on adolescent adjustment and revictimisation", J Child Sex Abus, 14(2), pp.25~47 (2005)
  18. C Arata, "To tell or not to tell : Current functioning of child sexual abuse survivors who disclosed their victimization", Child Maltreat, 31(1), pp.63~71 (1998)
  19. P Cawson, "Child maltreatment in the United Kingdom: a study of the prevalence of child abuse and neglect" (2000), NSPCC
  20. N Kellogg, "Unwanted and illegal sexual experiences in childhood and adolescence", Child Abuse Negl, 19(12), pp.1457~1468 (1995)
  21. T Roesler, "Telling the secret : Adult women describe their disclosures of incest", J Interpers Violence, 9(3), pp.327~338 (1994)
  22. D Elliot, "Forensic sexual abuse evaluations of older children : Disclosures and symptomatology", Behav Sci Law, 12(3), pp.261~277 (1994)
  23. J Henry, "System intervention trauma to child sexual abuse victims following disclosure", J Interpers Violence, 12(4), pp.499~512 (1997)
  24. K London, "Child Sexual Abuse: Disclosure, Delay, and Denial", pp.11~39 (2007), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
  25. G Goodman, "Testifying in criminal court : Emotional effects on child sexual assault victims", Monogr Soc Res Child Dev, 57(5), pp.v-142~ (1992)
  26. A Bradley, "How do children tell? The disclosure process in child sexual abuse", Child Abuse Negl, 20(9), pp.881~891 (1996)
  27. D Bybee, "An analysis of allegations of sexual abuse in a multi-victim day care centre case", Child Abuse Negl, 17(6), pp.767~783 (1993)
  28. L Gonzales, "Children’s patterns of disclosures and recantations of sexual and ritualistic abuse allegations in psychotherapy", Child Abuse Negl, 17(2), pp.281~289 (1993)
  29. K Faller, "Allegations of sexual abuse in divorce", J Child Sex Abus, 4(4), pp.1~25 (1995)
  30. RA Gardner, "Repression, dissociation, and sex-abuse accusations", Issues in Child Abus Accusations, 7(1), pp.11~ (1995)
  31. S Ceci, "Suggestibility of the child witness : a historical review and synthesis", Psychol Bull, 113(3), pp.403~439 (1993)
  32. S Ceci, "Jeopardy in the courtroom:a scientific analysis of children's testimony" (1995), American Psychological Association
  33. E Driver, "Child sexual abuse : Feminist perspectives" (1989), MacMillen
  34. K Faller, "Anatomical dolls: their use in assessment of children who may have been sexually abused", J Child Sex Abus, 14(3), pp.1~21 (2005)
  35. D Jones, "Reliable and fictitious accounts of sexual abuse to children", J Interpers Violence, 2(1), pp.27~45 (1987)
  36. R Oates, "Erroneous concerns about child sexual abuse", Child Abuse Negl, 24(1), pp.149~157 (2000)
  37. N Trocme, "False allegations of abuse and neglect when parents separate", Child Abuse Negl, 29(11), pp.1333~1345 (2005)
  38. N Bala, "Allegations of sexual abuse when parents have separated", Can Fam Law Q, 17, pp.191~241 (2000)
  39. C Abrahams, "Hearing the Truth: The importance of listening to children who disclose sexual abuse" (1996), AfC
  40. C Wattam, "Childhood Matters:Report of the National Commission of Inquiry into the Prevention of Child Abuse: Volume 2: Background Papers" (1996), The Stationery Office
  41. J Hartwig, "Factors affecting children's disclosure of secrets in an investigatory interview", Child Abuse Rev, 11(2), pp.77~93 (2002)
  42. NSPCC, "Who can I turn to? A summary of responses from schools regarding young people’s views about support and advice services" (2005), NSPCC
  43. 정여주, "성폭력을 경험한 청소년들의 심리사회적 손상에 관한 연구", 석사, 사회복지, pp.2003
  44. 유순행, "초등학생의 성폭력 피해경험, 교육, 통념에 관한 실태", 석사, 간호학, pp.2003
  45. R Alaggia, "Disclosing the trauma of child sexual abuse : A gender analysis", J Loss Trauma, 10(5), pp.453~470 (2005)
  46. ER DeVoe, "Characteristics of disclosure of children who may have been sexually abuse", Child Maltreat, 4(3), pp.217~227 (1999)
  47. I Hershkowitz, "Trends in children’s disclosure of abuse in Israel; A national study", Child Abuse Negl, 29(11), pp.1203~1214 (2005)
  48. P O’Leary, "Gender differences in silencing following childhood sexual abuse", J Child Sex Abus, 17(2), pp.133~143 (2008)
  49. DEH Russell, "The epidemic of rape and child sexual abuse in the United States" (2000), Sage
  50. D Finkelhor, "Child sexual abuse: New theory and research" (1984), Free
  51. L Sorsoli, "“I keep that hush-hush”: Male survivors of sexual abuse and the challenges of disclosure", J Couns Psychol, 55(3), pp.333~345 (2008)
  52. 김은희, "성폭력 피해아동의 폭로에 관한 연구", 피해자학연구, 19(1), pp.131~154 (2011), 한국피해자학회
  53. I Hershkowitz, "Exploring the disclosure of child sexual abuse with alleged victims and their parents", Child Abuse Negl, 31(2), pp.111~123 (2007)
  54. K Keary, "Children’s disclosure of sexual abuse during formal investigation", Child Abuse Negl, 18(7), pp.543~548 (1994)
  55. T Goodman-Brown, "Why children tell : a model of children's disclosure of sexual abuse", Child Abuse Negl, 27(5), pp.525~540 (2003)
  56. D Smith, "Delay in disclosure of childhood rape : Results from a national survey", Child Abuse Negl, 24(2), pp.273~287 (2000)
  57. J Everill, "Disclosure of sexual abuse and psychological adjustment in female undergraduates", Child Abuse Negl, 19(1), pp.93~100 (1995)
  58. P Schaeffer, "Children’s disclosures of sexual abuse : Learning form direct inquiry", Child Abuse Negl, 35(5), pp.343~352 (2011)
  59. AN Elliott, "Reactions of nonoffending parents to the sexual abuse of their child ; A review of the literature", Child Maltreat, 6(4), pp.314~331 (2001)
  60. KC Faller, "The myth of the ‘Collusive Mother’ : Variability in the functioning of mothers of victims of intra-familial sexual abuse", J Interpers Violence, 3(2), pp.190~196 (1988)
  61. L Lawson, "False negatives in sexual abuse disclosure interviews", J Interpers Violence, 7(4), pp.532~542 (1992)
  62. L Malloy, "Caregiver support and child sexual abuse: Why does it matter?", J Child Sex Abus, 15(4), pp.97~103 (2006)
  63. V Schonbucher, "Disclousre of child sexual absue by adolescents : A qualitative in-depth study", J Interpers Violence, 27(17), pp.3486~3515 (2012)
  64. K Staller, ""A burden on your heart" : Lessons of disclosure from female preadolescent and adolescent survivors of sexual abuse", Child Abuse Negl, 29, pp.415~432 (2005)
  65. RM Bolen, "Ambivalence in nonoffending guardians after child sexual abuse disclosure", J Interpers Violence, 19(2), pp.185~211 (2004)
  66. RM Bolen, "Can nonoffending mothers of sexually abused children be both ambivalent and supportive?", Child Maltreat, 12(2), pp.191~197 (2007)
  67. RM Bolen, "Parental support and outcome in sexually abused children", J Child Sex Abus: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, & Offenders, 16(2), pp.33~54 (2007)
  68. L Malloy, "Filial dependency and recantation of child sexual abuse allegations", J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 46(2), pp.162~170 (2007)
  69. E Olafson, "The state of the debate about children’s disclosure patterns of child sexual abuse", Juv Fam Court J, 57(1), pp.27~40 (2006)
  70. M Paine, "Factors influencing children to self-disclose sexual abuse", Clin Psychol Rev, 22(2), pp.271~295 (2002)
  71. TD Lyon, "Handbook for the treatment of abused and neglected children", pp.65~81 (2005), Haworth Social Work Practice
  72. A Cederborg, "Child sexual abuse: Disclosure; Delay, and denial", pp.159~174 (2007), Psychology
  73. L Leander, "Police interviews with child sexual abuse victims : Patterns of reporting avoidance and denial", Child Abuse Negl, 34(3), pp.192~205 (2010)
  74. KC Faller, "Interviewing children about sexual abuse: Controversies and best practice", pp.175~190 (2007), Oxford Univ Press
  75. K Bussey, "Disclosure processes in children and adolescents", pp.166~203 (1995), Cambridge Univ Press
  76. L Sas, "Tipping the balance to tell the secret; The public discovery of child sexual abuse" (1995), London Court Clinic
  77. KC Faller, "Interviewing children about sexual abuse: Controversies and best practice", pp.110~141 (2007), Oxford Univ Press
  78. KC Faller, "Interviewing children about sexual abuse: Controversies and best practice" (2007), Oxford Univ Press
  79. M Lamb, "structured forensic interview protocol improves the quality and informativeness of investigative interviews with children: A review of resrach using the NICHD Investigative Interview Protocol", Child Abuse Negl, 31(11-12), pp.1201~1231 (2007)
  80. I Hershkowitz, "Dynamics of forensic interviews with suspected abuse victims who do not disclose", Child Abuse Negl, 30(7), pp.753~770 (2006)
  81. E Deblinger, "Understanding and treating feelings of shame in children who have experienced maltreatment", Child Maltreat, 10(4), pp.364~376 (2005)
  82. S Sgroi, "Handbook of clinical intervention in child sexual abuse" (1982), Lexington Books
  83. I Hershkowitz, "Delayed disclosure of alleged child abuse victims in Israel", Am J Orthopsychiatry, 76(4), pp.444~450 (2006)
  84. M Lamb, "Children’s testimony : A handbook of psychological research and forensic practice" (2011), Wiley Books
  85. I Hershkowitz, "Does enhanced rapport- building alter the dynamics of investigative interviews with suspected victims of intra-familial abuse?", J Police Crim Psychol, 30(1), pp.6~14 (2015)
  86. K Saywitz, "The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment", pp.349~377 (2002), Sage
  87. J Aldridge, "Using a human figure drawing to elicit information from alleged victims of child sexual abuse", J Consult Clin Psychol, 72(2), pp.304~316 (2004)
  88. Y Teoh, "Do human figure diagrams help alleged victims of sexual abuse provide elaborate and clear accounts of physical contact with alleged perpetrators?", Appl Cogn Psychol, 24(2), pp.287~300 (2010)
  89. C Katz, "The effects of drawing on children’s accounts of sexual abuse", Child Maltreat, 15(2), pp.171~179 (2010)
  90. G Goodman, "Children’s reaction to and memory of a stressful event: Influences of age, anatomical dolls, knowledge, and parental attachment", Appl Dev Sci, 1(2), pp.54~75 (1997)
  91. K Saywitz, "Children’s memory for a genital examination;Implications for child sexual abuse cases", J Consult Clin Psychol, 59, pp.682~691 (1991)
  92. M Bruck, "Children’s use of anatomically detailed dolls to report genital touching in a medical examination : Developmental & gender comparisons", J Exp Psychol Appl, 6(1), pp.74~83 (2000)
  93. M Bruck, "Anatomically detailed dolls do not facilitate pre schoolers’ reports of a pediatric examination involving genital touching", J Exp Psychol Appl, 1(2), pp.95~109 (1995)
  94. D La Rooy, "Do we need to rethink guidance on repeated interviews?", Psychol Public Policy Law, 16(4), pp.373~392 (2010)
  95. D La Rooy, "Child sexual abuse: Research, evaluation, and testimony for the courts", pp.327~364 (2009), John Wiley
  96. T Patterson, "Exploratory assessments of child abuse: Children’s responses to interviewer’s questions across multiple interview sessions", Child Abuse Negl, 33(8), pp.490~504 (2009)
  97. J Williams, "Is there a place for extended assessments for evaluating concerns about child sexual abuse? Perceptions of 1, 294 child maltreatment professionals", J Forensic Soc Work, 3(2), pp.88~105 (2014)
  98. J Williams, "Is there a place for extended assessments in addressing child sexual abuse allegations? How sensitivity and specificity impact professional perspectives", J Child Sex Abus, 23(2), pp.179~197 (2013)
  99. I Hershkowitz, "The effects of repeated interviewing on children’s forensic statements of sexual abuse", Appl Cogn Psychol, 31, pp.1131~1143 (2007)
  100. C Katz, "Repeated interviews with children who are the alleged victims of sexual abuse", Res Soc Work Pract, 23(2), pp.210~218 (2013)
  101. KC Faller, "Extended evaluations in cases of child sexual abuse: How many sessions are sufficient?", Journal of Child Sexual Abuse: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, & Offenders, 19(6), pp.648~668 (2010)
  102. KC Faller, "Extended assessments", extended forensic interviews: Current state of the art and the science, 2014, ~

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (5건)